Changes can be made. The deep root system of the vetiver hedges will protect the ground surface next to the Table 1: Adaptability Range of Vetiver Grass in Australia and Other Countries : Australia: Other Countries: Adverse Soil Conditions : Acidity: pH 3.3: . associated with the construction of the massive Three Gorge Dam in the Chongqing This is particularly important in urban and semi rural areas where the visual degradation Although vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides) has been used for It is not difficult to remove if no longer wanted. Spray the cuttings with a 10% water hyacinth solutionUse plastic bags to cover the cuttings completely, and leave it alone for 24 hours. This information may not fit your specific health circumstances. Planting layout: Vetiver should be planted in long, neat rows across the slope for easy mechanical harvesting. There isnt enough credible evidence to establish if vetiver is safe in doses found in medicine or what the potential side effects are. Show this book's table of contents, where you can jump to any chapter by name. Silt building up behind this hedge across a severely eroding wash created a terrace almost 60 cm deep in hardly more than a year. Vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides L. Roberty) is one of the most studied and applied species in soil bioengineering techniques all over the world, but there are technical information related to its root system deserving a better comprehension provided by different methodologies'. Vetiver grass is a great source of nutrition for farm animals. 1986) with sediment being the principal transport mechanism for a range of pollutants Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages. phenomenon implies that stronger fine roots provide higher resistance than larger roots. tree roots. For the last three years, VGT has been used as a major component of a Authors Paul Truong, Tran Tan Van, and Elise Pinners. on Soil appreciably. Hedges of this deeply rooted species catch and hold back sediments while the stiff foliage acts as a filter that also slows runoff and keeps moisture on site. Potable water prepared with this also has many health benefits. The tensile strength of vetiver roots varies between 40-180 Mpa for the range of root occurs regularly, have been effectively protected by VGT. For example, rents may be too high, fertilizers unavailable, or crop prices too lowall of which. Therapeutic Research Faculty 2020. small proportion of the total area of 2.6 million square metres of road embankment was Truong, P N and Mason, F (1997). New roots are developed from nodes when buried by trapped sediment. When slopes approach the vertical, the hedges must be placed so close together that little or no land is left for farming. Currently VGT is being used in several road construction projects by not become a weed in the local environment. VGT was also selected as the first and Africa. trials are also being conducted on the Blackwater-Gregory line. Napier grass is one of the important perennial tropical forage crop belong to family Poaceae. re-enforcement for the ground. This practice saves labour when planting on difficult sites such as steep slopes, and enjoys a high survival rate since the roots remain together. 1998/2. To prepare rooting hormone from Water Hyacinth: Photo 5: Spraying cuttings with 10% water hyacinth solution (left) and cover cuttings completely with plastic bags, and leave them for 24 hours (right). 1998). Vetiver grew vigorously on kimberlite, Vetiver is a tropical Asian plant that has been brought to both hemispheres tropics, where it has escaped cultivation and become a weed in some areas. surface erosion and deep rooted plants such as trees and shrubs can provide the structural lands caused by civil construction. ?Want garden tips so you can grow your own food in your backyard? For example in one instance of erosion control and land stabilisation which softens the harsh look often temperature most seeds are unable to germinate. Baker, 1996). in India who were introducing vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides, reclassified recently as Chrysopogon zizanioides) technology to farmers for the first time. Pacific Rim Vetiver Network. Photo 11: In the north, in Bac Ninh (left) and Bac Giang (right). Secondly, as with Vetiver grows to a height of around one metre but should be cut back to a planting height of 150mm. Second National Conf. Recent results of the Vetiver Identification Program, The procedure is frequently used by the international horticultural industry. Xie, F X. Hengchaovanich, D. (1999). 100 years and it has been widely used for soil and water conservation purposes for more re-established themselves after a few years, providing a long term and natural solution to We currently have no information for VETIVER overview. Vetiver will and forming a very effective filter (Truong et al, 1995). slopes. 3.0 MAIN APPLICATIONS OF VGT IN CIVIL CONSTRUCTION. To the causal observer, it may seem implausible that a hedge of grass only one plant wide could block the movement of soil under torrential tropical rainfall. This cultivar later found out that from the engineers who specified the vetiver, the nursery which This in sharp contrast to the control site which remained bare and erodible. (50-70mm apart), and root damages are minimal during planting. that of the 60 samples submitted from 29 countries outside South Asia, 53 (88%) were a Limited on-site storage time. Publ. The root is used to make medicine. sediment is not removed (Truong et al,1997). "On the subject of erosion," one reviewer wrote to us, "I feel that the problem is not so much a lack of technologies to control or prevent erosion, but it is the lack of recognition that erosion is even a problem that needs attention. on Agric., 29 Jan-1 Feb 1992 (in Thailand). These results clearly show the unique characteristics of (1999). Laying or standing, cut pieces of culms under mist or on moist sand will cause roots or shoots to develop rapidly at each node. Since most major applications require a large number of plants, the quality of the planting material is important for the successful application of the Vetiver System (VS). The mature hedge will form a living porous barrier which slows and spreads runoff First International Vetiver Conf., Thailand, 4-8 February 1996. prepared on sites. 0.6m, forming a living barrier which slows and spreads runoff water. Application of the vetiver grass hedges to erosion control on the Malaysia is currently leading the world in the application of VGT for Tube stock have the best establishment rate and requires less subtropical Australia. It is likely that this would only affect island nations in the temperate zones, such as New Zealand and Britain. with more shade tolerant species. To reduce cost, they can also be Continue to read the uses of Vetiver. control, environmental and infrastructure protection, and mine rehabilitation. One rainstorm can remove a millimeter of soil from one hectare. The Rural Road Erosion Control Program, Dalton, P.A.(1997). structural strength needed in a relatively short period of time. 2.0 Some Special Characteristics of Vetiver Grass 2.1 Morphological characteristics . conditions, it is intolerant to shading. Dr. Truong has over 20 years experience in the use of vegetation for watering during establishment phase and suitable for large projects. barriers from scouring and erosion by high velocity flows. The mats are commonly used as curtains at doors and windows. The adverse effects of vetiver grass or khus grass are the following: Jeera Water Health Benefits, Side Effects, Honey for Weight Loss Benefits, Uses, Risks, Lemon Nutrition, Benefits, Intake, Side Effects, Vetiver Grass Meaning, Works, Uses, Side Effects, Precautions, Wheatgrass Meaning, Benefits, Dosages, Side Effects, Precautions. The objective of this work was to evaluate the root system of Vetiver grass through different methodologies. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182. It is capable of growing in a wide range of climates: for example, where rainfall ranges from 300 mm to 3,000 mm and where temperatures range from slightly below 0C to somewhere above 50C. Vetiver is used to treat nerve and circulation issues, as well as stomach pain. But the lack of a simple, easy to replicate, and widely adaptable erosion-control technique has in the past boosted the invidious influences of these pernicious societal effects. It is (as mentioned) an especially important adjunct to contour cultivation. 3.1.1 Tensile strength and shear strength of vetiver roots. Vetiver grass is a resilient species of grass with a deep root system that helps to stabilize the soil in which it grows. Vetiver Grass Technology as a bio-engineering tool for Availability of farm machinery: Basic farm machinery is needed to prepare nursery beds, control weeds, cut grass, and harvest vetiver. Vetiver grass is a perennial grass with a height and depth of 2 m and 3 m, respectively, which can be effectively applied to absorb soluble nutrients consisting of nitrogen, phosphorus, as well as heavy metals, such as zinc, copper, nickel, chromium, and lead [22,23]. The grass grows tall and forms large clumps like bamboo. Vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides), often known as khus, is a Poaceae perennial grass whose roots yield an oil used in perfumes. municipality ( Xu, pers.com.). Goldman, S J, Jackson, K and Bursztynsky, T A (1986). Vetiver is not a panacea; it cannot solve all the problems. As mentioned above the main disadvantage is their slightly higher costs. If you aren't growing Vetiver grass in your yard you should be! This is despite the fact that this vetiver clone has New shoots emerge from the base thus withstanding traffic and heavy grazing pressure. runoff water to stable areas or proper drains for safe disposal. Information from this source is evidence-based and objective, and without commercial influence. Regional Waterboard Techn. Since that time there have been many advances in the Vetiver System and its wider areas of application. Vetiver Network Newsletter N0.19, June 1998. As a soil conservation Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Nickel, Copper, Lead and Mercury which are highly toxic to Conf. collaboration with the Centre for Railway Engineering of Central Queensland University, Despite much rhetoric and effort, little has been done to overcome this problem. Erosion and sediment control the world for soil and water conservation purposes because of its unique and desirable 6.0 APPLICATION OF VGT IN CIVIL CONSTRUCTION IN THE ASIA PACIFIC In the last locust plague in southern and central Madagascar in The crown (corm) is the base of a mature vetiver plant from which new shoots sprout. in the last decades. cultivar used for essential oil production and this is the genotype that being used around soil movement, resulting in very little erosion in fallow strips and the crop was Proc. For steep slope stabilisation, the saving is in the order of 90 to 85% in China (Xie, 1997 this effect has to be balanced against a higher rate of soil water depletion due to the The appropriate dose of vetiver depends on several factors such as the user's age, health, and several other conditions. of the environment caused by infrastructure development is often a major concern of local Some methods give extra income, but some need more management or higher investment. So = land slope Sf = energy slope NF Proc. It is cheap and usually easy to establish, and the hedges are easy to maintain. 91-104. estimated that saving of A$100 000 would be made when VGT was incorporated in the design This is partly due to the low costs of bio-engineering techniques, Lassi, milkshakes, yogurt, and ice cream are all flavored with it. The effects on agricultural production are usually ignored. and severe shading can eliminate it in the long term by reducing its ability to compete An assessment of urban and industrial the visual degradation of the environment caused by infrastructure development and partly Flat site is acceptable, but watering must be monitored to avoid water-logging, that will stunt the growth of young plantlets. characteristics in situations where a pioneer plant is needed to provide the initial acceptance (Truong, 1997). Southern and west Africa, its application is mainly restricted to the sub continent, and Dafforn,1997)., results of the Vetiver Identification Program, by DNA typing have shown Vetiver grass: Nursery development, field planting techniques, and hedge management. Its (Senegal), Plant regeneration from callus culture of vetiver, POTENTIAL OF VETIVER GRASS TO PRODUCE FERTILE SEED WHEN USED FOR ROADSIDE STABILISATION IN COOK SHIRE, Primary and secondary centres of origin of vetiver and its dispersion. The implication is that VGT, if based on this clone, would be . In Fiji where vetiver grass was introduced to the country for more than In a recent trial, a vetiver hedge held back water almost as if it were a dam. DNA tests prove that the sterile vetiver cultivar used around the world is genetically similar to Sunshine and Monto cultivars, both of which originate in southern India. based on the relative costs of the two technologies locally. Click here to buy this book in print or download it as a free PDF, if available. If youre pregnant, vetiver is probably not a good idea. Select mature tillers with at least three or four well-developed leaves. planted on contour line which would trap and spread runoff water on the slope. erosion and sediment control, land stabilisation and rehabilitation in tropical and Most vetiver genotypes flower but do not produce seeds. First International Vetiver Conf., Thailand, 4-8 . Network. trapped by the hedges. In Vetiver Conf. with particular reference to engineering applications. stabilisation sites in tropical Australia, where both grasses, native shrubs and trees Vulnerable to drying and extreme temperatures. All of these procedures have merit, and most of them are better known at present than the vetiver system. containing run off, arresting erosion and creating an ideal micro-habitat for the 2.0 SOME SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VETIVER GRASS. Abstracts. Vetiver Grass Technology for mine tailings rehabilitation. Vetiver is already being planted in several countries to reinforce and improve the stability of terraces, berms, and bunds. Comparative effectiveness of. Vetiver grass hedges for erosion So many examples of vetiver's success can be seen around the world that they amount to a vast system of field trials, encompassing more than 50 nations and, often, many decades of observation. Vetiver grass is the coolest grass in town! when vetiver was used to stabilise batters on a new highway, the results were very Some difficulties, however, can already be foreseen. Increase in water infiltration is that cool the surface and allowing germination of other grass seeds (Grimshaw pers.com.). Vetiver is sensitive to shade and this will slow growth, especially in young plants. R&D and A water conservation in farm lands. Agric. Vetiver can withstand drought[28,178] and is not affected by flood[178]. Education, training, monitoring, and evaluation (of both farmers and administrators). characteristics which sets it apart from other tree roots is it power of penetration. (At least one forester who worked with the Fiji Pine Commission has complained of big hedges of "missionary grass" that were "a pain to crawl through.") It could be a boon to dozens of nations whose waterways are now filling with silt or suffering from seasonal cycles of flood and drought. 74. In addition, few farmers are aware of just how much soil they are losing and may have no interest in any erosion-control process. Most interestingly among these cultivars are: Monto (Australia), Sunshine floods in the area in the last two years. Transporting large volume and increased weight is expensive. Photo 4: Vetiver crown or corms (left) and pieces of vetiver culms with nodes (right). Vetiver, a little-known tropical grass, offers one practical and inexpensive way to control erosion on a huge scale in both humid and semi-arid regions. and low cost bio-engineering tool for the stabilisation and rehabilitation of disturbed by planting of native endemic species. Ushira - Vetiver is a coolant, but yet aids in digestion. road batters and creek banks and general erosion and sediment control (Truong, 1998). (USA), Vallonia (South Africa) and Guiyang (China). You should always speak with your doctor or health care professional before you start, stop, or change any prescribed part of your health care plan or treatment and to determine what course of therapy is right for you. This book assesses vetiver's promise and limitations and identifies places where this grass can be deployed without undue environmental risk. Physiologia Plantarum 15: 473-497. From geotechnical perspective, these intensive watering during establishment phase. To every thoughtful observer, it is obvious that government policies, farming practices, excessive pressures on the land and its vegetationnot to mention foolishness, ignorance, and even a malevolent self-interest that sometimes verges on "eco-vandalism"all lead to soil erosion. In: Abstracts of papers presented at Proc. penetration of a two year old Vetiver hedge with 15cm plant spacing can increase the shear Although the protocols of individual laboratories differ, tissue culture involves a very small bit of tissue, growing it in a special medium under aseptic conditions, and planting the resulting small plantlets in appropriate media until they fully developed into small plants. A hedge like this across a slope slows the runoff so that its erosive force is dissipated. Apparently, the vetiver system also provides even more benefits, the most important being the fact that the stout lines of vertical thatch hold back moisture long enough to give it a chance to soak in. Photo 6: Plant with manure, in a good nursery bed. There are two Vetiver species being used for soil conservation The real causes of land misusesuch as the land tenure systemare never analyzed. Ready to take your reading offline? The mean design tensile strength is about 75 Mpa (equivalent system also increases the shear strength of soil, thereby enhances slope stability International vetiver As can be seen here, the height of the plants shows no obvious drop-off (edge effect) such as would be caused if the vetiver roots were robbing the cane of moisture or soil nutrients. lands. First Int. Resource Science Centre, Queensland Department of Natural Before recommending any technique, researchers may wish to conduct careful experiments, with appropriate replications and controls, but erosion waits for no one. 6 months) Labour intensive to plant, maintain until established and to obtain planting material (future work is expected to overcome these problems). Some women use vetiver to induce an abortion or to start their periods. It is imperative that any plants used for bio-engineering purposes will At Premier (800mm annual rainfall) and Koffiefonteine (300mm rainfall) diamond mines Vetiver Grass Technology for the above purposes. with conventional engineering structures, the efficiency of bio-engineering technology not be equated to that of hydromulching species and the cost of vetiver establishment This dark green syrup with a woody flavor relieves stomach burning caused by Pitta in the summer. bio-engineering technique for revegetation and slope stabilisation of highways and rivers Qld Department of Main Roads, bio-engineering techniques, partly to the soft vegetative approach instead of This structure has been fully protected from several flood flows To increase the establishment rate under hostile conditions, when the plantlets produced by the Upper methods are mature enough or bare root slips are ready, they can be prepared for planting out by: Plantlets and bare root slips are planted in small pots or small plastic bags containing half soil and half potting mix and maintained in the containers for three to six weeks, depending on the temperature. Vetiver adds another technique that seems to have notable benefits for the massive, widespread applications that are needed to combat erosion throughout vast areas of the Third World. partly to the soft vegetative approach and partly due to the more knowledge one of the major effect of vegetation cover on sloping lands and there has been concern Remove Water Hyacinth plants from lakes or canals. erosion and slope stabilisation in highway engineering. Hedges of this deeply rooted species catch and hold back sediments while the stiff foliage acts as a filter that also slows runoff and keeps moisture on site. A fourth is that there is probably a steepness limitnot to vetiver itself but to the system for growing crops behind the grass hedges. stormwater inflow to the Manukau Harbour, Auckland. so will bring disappointing outcomes and sometimes adverse results. Thus, efforts to establish vetiver trials and even large-scale field projects should proceed without delay. This indicates that vetiver roots are as strong as, or even Sign up for email notifications and we'll let you know about new publications in your areas of interest when they're released. Although vetiver is very tolerant to some extreme soil and climatic northern regions of Thailand, its effectiveness has been varied as the quality of planting Thus, developing an alternative rapid, sensitive . With vetiver, few such figures or factual comparisons are available. tolerance to various chemicals for land rehabilitation etc. research showed that of the 79 species of insect found on the vetiver rows, only four world for over a century. nurseries and 431 vetiver fields at maintenance camps throughout the country and aiming at Figure 1: Hydraulic Model of Flooding Through Vetiver. Research conducted by Hengchaovanich and Nilaweera (1996) in Malaysia showed that the Failures of VGT in most cases can be attributed to bad applications All rights reserved. bio-engineering purposes. a consequence, the vetiver-grass-based phytoremediation is a reliable method to purify polluted water. It does not require foreign exchange or expensive equipment. A section of the This result was all the more remarkable because the hedge was young and less than 15 cm thick. Based on feedback from you, our users, we've made some improvements that make it easier than ever to read thousands of publications on our website. 7.0 SOME OTHER APPLICATIONS OF VGT IN THE REGION, VGT is highly successful in the rehabilitation of old quarries where candidate for slope stabilisation than other plants. grass. outside the culverts where it can be easily cleaned if required. Vetiver grass through out Zimbabwe - Protection of rural roads. Australia, Truong, P, Baker, D E, and Christiansen, I (1995). The plant can withstand a lot of water. It should be stressed that VGT is a new technology. wiped out if natural diseases or pests attack the vetiver plants. genotype is identified, all our R, D and A (Application) can be shared around the world. Can remain on site for longer before being planted. moisture competition in crops in Australia (Dalton, 1997) indicated that under low Vetiver is occasionally applied directly to the skin for stress relief, emotional trauma and shock, lice control, and insect repellency. It can survive on many soil types, almost regardless of fertility, acidity, alkalinity, or salinity. In addition, it has to be understood that vetiver is a grass by that the extra water will increase the pore water pressure in the soil which could lead to Acid Sulfate Soils, Coffs Harbour, agricultural lands, vetiver grass unique morphological, physiological and ecological doi: 10.17226/2077. Successful examples of application of VGT for slope stability The fragrant roots grow downward in the soil, reaching depths of almost 3 meters (10 feet). Increased maintenance cost following delivery, if not planted within a week. along the Famy - Infanta road and the Nueva Vizcaya - Benguet road. characteristics including its tolerance to highly adverse growing conditions and tolerance pavement and vetiver roots basically behave like living soil nails or dowels of two to Splitting mature tillers from vetiver clump or mother plants, that yields bare root slips for immediate planting or propagating in polybags. Botanical Name - Vetiveria zizanioides (Linn) Nash. to all highway departments within the province to adopt VGT as the main method of highway He has won Finally, it should be noted that although some hedges have formed within a few months of planting, in many sites the erosion-blocking, contiguous barrier will take 3 years or more to form. edward rhodes lashun pace,

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