lord nelson trinidad calypsonian

Real Name Lloyd Nelson, The Stage Name "Lord Nelson" was given to him by Rich Ward on joining Stuck Mojo. The political calypsonian Sugar Aloes of Trinidad through his name conveys two almost opposite aspects of his character: that while his singing, and perhaps he himself, may be sweet, his calypsoes are so scathing as to be bitter for those about whom he sings. In 2019, he was presented with a Lifetime Achievement Award by Randy Glasgow Productions in collaboration with Brothers with Vision (BWV) Entertainment. Nelson said when he was away from the stage, he was a humble, religious and happy person who believed in God and all his goodness. All of them, all of them, you cant pick out any, this is Lord Nelson even before Im 87 going on 88, it dont have no special song for Nello, all of them are in demand, he said. Rowley proposes end to service commissions, Tyler Mahadeo publishes book 25 years after writing it, Bandits steal rum, cash, cellphones from Cumuto bar, ICED workers laid off for three months, not fired, Two held, police injured as Trincity chase ends in crash, Burris: Tobago Jazz 2023 'resounding success', Chief Secretary: War on crime, social ills can be fought through prayer, Team Engine Room top Tadco's Men can Cook, Tobago man shot over Easter weekend dies at hospital. Trinbago's Calypsonian Lord Nelson Still Going Strong At 91 by caribdirect | Sep 2, 2022 | African Caribbean, Business, Community, Heritage | 0 comments Listen to this article Tobago legendary calypsonian Lord Nelson is 91 years old and still going strong. Harry Belafonte, a singer and actor of Jewish descent who brought joy to millions over a long career and challenged Americans to address ongoing social challenges, died in his sleep from congestive heart failure on April 25. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Here is a list of the awards: Fashion and the Creative Aaron Jeewansingh - Aaron Jeewansingh. When an unprecedented pandemic recolonised the world with hegemonic chaos and tragedy, you picked up the pieces, restructured plans, timelines and life goals and you soldiered on. Walcott-Hackshaw described Nelson as a musical genius and the peoples king. Teacher Percy say if yuh tell ah lie, yuh going to hell as soon as yuh die, they sang verbatim with an animated Nelson. Hinds added that PM Rowley, who tested positive for Covid-19 for a second time on Friday, deeply regretted not being able to attend the celebration. Listen to 100 of the Best Calypso Songs, Vol. Calypsonians who did not join a tent banded together and performed in cinemas around the . Later, back on American shores, he began singing with West Indian steel bands in Brooklyn, mostly covering calypso hits in his unique fashion, which went over strongly with the Caribbean community. Robert Lord Nelson Alphonso Nelson was born in Plymouth, Tobago in 1931. Audiences from North and South America, Europe and the Caribbean region have had the opportunity to experience a performance with the iconic jumpsuit, shoes and cap, and the best Caribbean wine, not of the drinking kind, that anyone can offer.. The extempo competitions have developed so that competitors choose a topic from a container and are given a designated period of time to compose an agreed number of verses to be sung. Nelson's own style took from calypso, but also from the American music he heard every day, adding more than an ounce of funk to the proceedings on songs like "La La" and "King Liar," which became Caribbean hits. A performer sings one verse and then his competitor is allowed to reply, either by responding to the verse sung or by singing about his competitor. We are participants in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program. Righting this wrong will begin with A Musical Evening with Lord Nelson. Lord Nelson is the lead vocalist for the rap metal band Stuck Mojo. The list represents their sobriquet (stage name) follow by their real name. I, Robert Alphonso Nelson, born in Plymouth Tobago in the past they dubbed me a foreigner, said I wasnt born here and all the competitions and awards here are for nationals. It is a tribute but it is also a tribute in him being able to perform. Since Trinidad became sovereign in 1962, calypsonians have affiliated with political parties and their figureheads, most notably Dr Eric Williams, the 'father of the nation' who led the island . "Like many calypsonians from Tobago, Lord Nelson (born Robert Nelson) had to seek his fame and fortune in America. The major difference between a calypsonian and a calypso singer is that a true calypsonian writes his/her own material, and sings topical music that reflects the reality of the community, an example being Attila the Hun, whereas a calypso singer will tend to sing standards, an example being Ritchie Delamore. The venerable calypsonian, real name Robert Nelson, celebrated his 91st year on Earth with a clock-turning, hip-shaking, chest-exposing performance on Saturday evening. Chair of the NGO John Arnold said it was formed in 2019 and is working to preserve the legendary calypsonian's legacy. 151. Sir Lancelot Lancelot Pinard 31. Abbyshi Jackson - Abbyshi Jackson. PREVIEW. Advertise your business on the All-in-One News website in Guyana. Born Robert Nelson, born and raised in Tobago, Nelson left his homeland after graduating high school, hoping for a better life in Brooklyn. I feelin it too, ah feelin for love the oldest living calypsonian started saying to the audience before pausing to directly address a screaming female fan stage front. However, he'd hardly had a chance to unpack before he was drafted and sent off with the U.S. forces to Korea, which was where he first showed his talents as a singer and comedian, performing in Army shows. Caresser. Straker and Charles worked with a number of prominent Trinidadian music arrangers, including Art de Coteau, Ed Watson, Pelham Goddard, and Leston Paul, all of whom spent considerable time in New York. Freston Road Hub Sparrow The Conqueror. NEW YORK Harry Belafonte, the civil rights and entertainment giant who began as a groundbreaking actor and singer and became an activist, humanitarian and conscience of the world, has died. Part of the proceeds from the concert will be offered to Lord Nelson, Arnold said. Calypso (Trinidad) Calypso For the Carnival Schedule from 2000 to 2030, Click here. Minister of National Security Fitzgerald Hinds added to the multitude of efforts since then to right that wrong when he presented Nelson with a token of appreciation on behalf of the Government and people of Trinidad and Tobago. The uncle of another youthful soca/rapso designer, Mojah, Nelson is constantly on the record and carry out. Related In "English: Trinidadian" In "English: Trinidadian" Leave a comment. NO. COP26 - Trinidad & Tobago's Climate Change Impact, Need for safe homes paramount, says Farley, Pupils, teachers confined to classrooms, after murder, Pundit warned against dangerous generalisations. Nelo opened the second half of his Tribute showcase with his 1976 classic La La. And he found it -- although not in the U.S., but back home, where he remains one of the acknowledged stars of soca, the mix of soul and calypso that has been the island's musical mainstay since the mid-'70s. I bounce meh toe. 154. The mood changed, however, when he told them about his deep hurt at not initially being accepted in calypso circles. The first calypso tent in Trinidad was the Railway Douglas Tent which opened its doors for business in Port-of . Lord Nelson was one of the best story tellers that he knows, Arnold added. I do box cart. Grenada Passport Form Read Full Biography. Verses about competitors, which may range from insults about their attire to derogatory comments on physical attributes, form part of what Trinidadians term pekong, where someone is allowed to insult another for fun. Specify the search and type in Lord Nelson Trinidad and random bits of information about the life of the great calypsonian comes up. Charmer is Leopold Kirton, He was born in 1924 and passed away in 2014. . Lord Nelson, The Mighty Ar- row, Lord Obstinate and others. A Mother's Love. Abbi Blackman - Abbi Blackman-Thornhill. He was 74. Earlier, several veteran calypso acts and the Signal Hill Alumni Choir paid tribute to Lord Nelson with hand-picked covers from his extensive repertoire. In this respect, the form is similar to that of the rap battle. Nelson has documented that dark moment in his musical history in the 1978 calypso Foreigner. Email notifications are only sent once a day, and only if there are new matching items. Spitfire. March 28, 2023 The display reminded everyone lucky enough to have a seat in the audience of his stellar showmanship, at the tribute concert, A Musical Evening with Lord Nelson, at Queens Hall, St Anns. This form of music gradually evolved into the modern calypso. Calypsonians of the 20th century Arrow The Duke of Iron Wilmoth Houdini Lord Invader Belafonte, whose parents were Jamaican and whose Like many calypsonians from Tobago, Lord Nelson (given birth to Robert Nelson) had to get his fame and fortune in the us. He joined the group in 2006 after being offered a position to sing and rap for their album Southern Born Killers. C a l y p s o g r a p h y. Lord Blakie . Show more Show. The patois or French creole was the original language of the calypsonian and calypso music. He said he did not know anything about calypso when he was stationed in Korea and learnt by patterning himself after calypsonians like Mighty Sparrow, Melody and Kitchener, and so he sang calypsoes for fellow soldiers. Nelson, 91, drew laughter and applause as he took off his graduation robes and waved them like a Carnival flag. Lord Nelson's statue - Bridgetown, Barbados has been updated following . CALYPSO HISTORY. Like many calypsonians from Tobago, Lord Nelson (born Robert Nelson) had to seek his fame and fortune in America. Nelsons cane went one way, his jacket the other, and with a coy smile he slowly unzipped the front of his shimmering gold romper, while suggestively rotating his bulging waist, inspiring a growing cheer from the audience with each exposed zip tooth and hip gyration. She noted that Nelsons calypso career began when he moved to the United States in 1952 and was drafted into the US army. 3) Nelson (formerly known as Lord Nelson) has been a fixture on the Carribean music scene for decades. And he found it -- although not in the U.S., but back home, where he remains one of the acknowledged stars of soca, the mix of soul and calypso that has been the island's musical mainstay since the mid-'70s. While not the first to make soca music, he found a great deal of popularity, to the extent that in 1989 he won the title of Uncrowned King in a competition for off-island artists at Trinidad's annual Carnival. "In forming that, our basic mandate was to now look at how we celebrate the life of Lord Nelson while he is alive," Arnold said. Having left the island after school to pursue the American dream, Lord Nelson sings to his. I think it is so important.. Describing himself as a seafood freak, Nelson attributed his health to his diet of seafood. document.getElementById( "ak_js_3" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Privacy policy According to our records Lord Nelson has recorded approximately 40 music tracks and released 2 albums . The audience cheered as he invited Bermudez and then campus registrar Dr Dawn-Marie De Four-Gill to dance. 2023 Caribbean Communications Network. Like many calypsonians from Tobago, Lord Nelson (born Robert Nelson) had to seek his fame and fortune in America. Valedictorian Patti-Anne Natalia Amina Ali addresses graduates of the Faculty of Humanities and Education at the graduation ceremony, Centre of Excellence, Macoya on Saturday. Great prices and easy pick up at Walgreens! Calypso King Of Trinidad. After. There, he would perform for his fellow troops. He was also a well known street fighting man in his day , a badjohn and gambler from San Juan, Trinidad; a place famous for badjohns in that era. Contact us, Designed by Elegant Themes | Powered by WordPress. And he found it -- although not in the U.S., but back home, where he remains one of the However, he'd hardly had a chance to unpack before he was drafted and sent off with the U.S. forces to Korea, which was where he first showed his talents as a singer and comedian, performing in Army shows. United Kingdom, Tel: 44(0) 207 050 0728 Nello, as the 87-year-old calypsonian is fondly called, stepped on the stage at TLS in one of his white and silver trademark jumpsuit and jacket and white hat, completed with a silver shoes and wearing a thick gold chain around his neck. He added he worked with the late Winston Shadow Bailey in the last year of his life and saw where a lot of those artistes feel like they did not receive their right due. Arrow, Sparrow, Swallow, Church all those people could have taken part and win now theyve changed it over it hurts me but in Tobago and more so in Trinidad and Tobago, stranger better that your own. Mighty Sparrow. I feelin it too, ah feelin for love the oldest living calypsonian started saying to the audience before pausing to directly address a screaming female fan stage front. 0. Check out his performances. Stream songs including "Big Bamboo", "Naughty Little Flea" and more. Mamma Look a Boo Boo. Also receiving honorary degrees from the Campus are: Dr. Shakuntala Haraksingh Thilsted for contributions to Agricultural Science and Nutrition - Doctor of. According to our records Lord Nelson has recorded approximately 40 music tracks and released 2 albums . Nelsons genius is also to be found in his delivery. Lord Nelson is an innovator in the music field, who is regarded as an inventor and architect of soca music. Dahling, ah hearing yuh, but wait till later, nah, Nelson responded, evoking an almighty cheer of approval from the packed Hall. But Im back here and Im raising hell from where it was, he said. Lord Nelson's "King Liar" (2019) | Trinidad & Tobago calypso The Marionettes Chorale 1.26K subscribers Subscribe 2.8K views 2 years ago A group from the Marionettes' senior choir perform a. Short clip of "Disco Daddy", July '08At 77 years old, still gettin on baaaad The venerable calypsonian, real name Robert Nelson, celebrated his 91st year on Earth with a clock-turning, hip-shaking, chest-exposing performance on Saturday evening. Hinds added that PM Rowley, who tested positive for Covid-19 for a second time on Friday, deeply regretted not being able to attend the celebration. Minister Elvin G. Nimrod, chta mourns passing of hotelier gordon butch stewart, Folk Music Pioneer Denise Joyce Auguste has died, UK Jamaican artiste Millie Small dies at 72, Entertainer Beenie Man mourns death of grandmother, Norman Girvan: The passing of a Caribbean Patriot, Caribbean Tourism mourns the passing of Veronica St. Louis. Chair of the NGO John Arnold said it was formed in 2019 and is working to preserve the legendary calypsonians legacy. CANE IN HAND: Lord Nelson (Robert Alphonso Nelson) performs many of his hits at A Musical Evening with Lord Nelson at Queens Hall, St Anns, on Saturday night. 0. Born and raised in Tobago, Nelson left his homeland after graduating high school, hoping for a better life in Brooklyn. Arnold said Lord Nelsons music like Disco Daddy is still widely played and people were still sampling his work. Calypso was the Voice of Black Consciousness In the 1970s, in the time of the Black Power Movement in Trinidad and Tobago, new calypsonians would emerge once again. Biography Lord Melody, for example, wished to indicate that he was the lord of melodious singing, while King Obstinate of Antigua gained his name as a young man in his home village of Greenbay, where people declared his attitude to be stubborn. Allyuh feelin it? It does always make meh feel sad, I doh like to sing it, he said earnestly. Mighty Sparrow. Earlier, several veteran calypso acts and the Signal Hill Alumni Choir paid tribute to Lord Nelson with hand-picked covers from his extensive repertoire. Mighty Destroyer Carl Donald Glasgow 34. You have permission to edit this article. Mighty . We provide news and information for anyone interested in the Caribbean whether you're UK based, European based or located in the Caribbean. Cultural Ambassadors Calypso Rose, Lord Nelson and the Mighty Sparrow were recognized with Lifetime Achievement awards by the Consulate General of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago in New York at its annual Independence cocktail reception and first award ceremony on August 30, 2013. Veteran calypsonian Robert Lord Nelson Nelson rocked the Faculty of Humanities and Education graduation ceremony on Saturday morning when, instead of giving the usual speech, he performed two of his hits after being conferred an honorary degree of Doctors of Letters. Lord Nelson Robert Nelson 30. Nelson was earlier conferred with an honorary Doctor of Letters degree for his contributions to culture and calypso. we will find this theme demonstrated consistently. In the 1978 song, Lord Nelson says he doesnt mind being treated unkindly or people taking away what is his but he could not believe his countrymen calling him a foreigner. Lord Nelson turned 91 years on July 29 and was honoured with the concert. The multi-award winning MARTINI Asti is produced only in the Piedmont region of North-West Italy, under the top Italian wine appellation of DOCG. Lord Nelson (2) & Bert Samuel's Orch. :people's king: Veteran calypsonian Lord Nelson (Robert Nelson) during his energetic performance of Meh Lover during yesterday's UWI gradutation ceremony at the Centre of Excellence,. And he discovered it but not within the U.S., but back, where he continues to be among the recognized superstars of soca, the mixture of spirit and calypso that is the islands musical mainstay because the middle-70s. From me, to you, the everlasting, the good, for love only, Meh Lover Leh we love up, he said before singing the timeless 1978 classic. After his service, he would perform in various New York clubs and dance halls. The concert is being held under the patronage of the Prime Minister on July 30 at Queens Hall, St Anns. Most of the singers of the day were performing the popular songs, but occasionally they sang Trinidad calypso. 2023 Caribbean Communications Network. 0. And he found it -- although not in the U.S., but back home, where he remains one of the. The uncle of another young soca/rapso artist, Mojah, Nelson continues to record and perform. Our own Lord Nelson finds himself in the rare company of the few who are able to tell tales that relate to us all.. Although highly regarded by Woody Herman (who called him the final from the Four Brothers) , Your email address will not be published. How can they call me a foreigner? Arnold said. 4) The French "Nelson." , based in Paris, released their EP "Bangkok Riot" and are working on their full length debut album. I ask that whatever you do in the future must be impactful, done at a high quality, with commitment to advancing not only your personal interests but the interests of the wider community.. Lord Blakie: Sparrow Lost / De Doctor Eh . Lord Executor Philip Garcia 25. The Friends of Lord Nelson, a non-governmental organisation, is on a mission to correct this and to honour one of Trinidad and Tobagos oldest, living entertainers. His recordings are distinguished by their rhythmic complexity, variety in the integration of African, reggae and r&b in the pulse soca, arrangement and lyrics. He has asked me to come on behalf of this Government, on his own behalf, on behalf of all of the people of Trinidad and Tobago, to not just celebrate you, to not just thank you for the many, many hours of pleasure that you have given us and the pride you have given us across the region and the world, but really to say from our hearts that we honour you and we thank you, because the work you have done, the letters you have left with us, the joy you have left will stay with us for all of the foreseeable future, God bless you, my brother, Hinds said to a glowing Nelson. One Caribbean Media. In classic extempo, competitors were pitted against one another, hurling insults in verse about each competitor's appearance, singing ability or personal situation. But pianist and arranger Frankie McIntosh, who in 1978 became Straker's musical . Jamaica Passport Form But by the time Inces troupe found the opening notes to his 1980 hit Disco Daddy, he found it hard to keep his clothes on. Guest artistes will do songs from his repertoire and do their interpretation of that, Arnold said. Lord Pretender Aldric Farrell 32. Oscar B (Oscar Benjamin) opened the show with Nelos Garot Bounce (Whoopsin) and Party Tonight. Cultural Ambassadors Calypso Rose, Lord Nelson and the Mighty Sparrow were recognized with Lifetime Achievement awards by the Consulate General of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago in New York at its annual Independence cocktail reception and first award ceremony. Destroyer. By the late 19th century the British began large-scale immigration projects, mainly from Barbados, in an effort to anglicise Trinidad, which resulted in a decline in the use of French Creole in the songs so that by the 1930s English Creole became the language of Trinidad Calypso. Nelson is undeniably one of the architects of soca. African griots (musicians and storytellers) among the slaves used calypso song to mock the slave-masters and to communicate with each other. Lord Nelson holds weight with some of the longstanding calypso legends men like Lord Kitchener (who Lily . I grow up in Plymouth. Lord Blakie: Vincentian Calypso King / Arabian Festival: 1964: 45: Telco TW 3221. When Calypsonian Lord Kitchener stepped from the gangplank of the Empire . Search millions of objects in the collections including photographs, artworks, artifacts, scientific specimens, manuscripts, sound records, and transcripts. Born and raised in Tobago, Nelson left his homeland after graduating high school, hoping for a better life in Brooklyn. The venerable calypsonian, real name Robert Nelson,. Lord Flea & His Calypsonians. Stella - Lord Nelson Michael Elcock 1.5K subscribers Subscribe 657 188K views 10 years ago The great Calypsonian Lord Nelson doing the classic "Stella" as only he can do it. Minister of National Security Fitzgerald Hinds added to the multitude of efforts since then to right that wrong when he presented Nelson with a token of appreciation on behalf of the Government and people of Trinidad and Tobago. Former two-time International Soca Monarch Ronnie McIntosh (1995 and 1997) sang Nelsons Calamity and The Boat before getting hands waving in the audience with his own How it go look. Carnaval De Guitarras . Like many calypsonians from Tobago, Lord Nelson (born Robert Nelson) had to seek his fame and fortune in America. Trinidad and Tobago; Turks and Caicos; Uruguay (English . You have permission to edit this article. Calypsography: a discography of calypso, steelband, combo, and soca records, primarily from Trinidad and Tobago. Lord Nelson Gypsy Mighty Shadow Cro Cro Mama dis is mas - Lord Kitchener Road March and Panorama winner 1964 11. Share this: Email Print Twitter Facebook Loading. While not the first ever to make soca music, he discovered significant amounts of popularity, towards the degree that in 1989 he received the name of Uncrowned Ruler inside a competition for off-island performers at Trinidads annual Carnival. With his musical genius, he combined the distinct sounds of jazz, rhythm and blues, disco, Latino and afro-Caribbean beats with calypso. is eel. Rowley proposes end to service commissions, Tyler Mahadeo publishes book 25 years after writing it, Bandits steal rum, cash, cellphones from Cumuto bar, ICED workers laid off for three months, not fired, Two held, police injured as Trincity chase ends in crash, Exploring food, architecture in Costa Rica. As a result, their value should not depend on society or peer approval, or the perspective of social media. Originally called "Kaiso" in Trinidad, these songs, based on West African Yoruba, Ewe-Fon and Akan musical beats, were sung by slaves and later ex-slaves in Trinidad and Tobago during recreation time and about a host of topics their land of origin, social relationships on the plantations and the lives of community members, including plantation managers, overseers and owners. He also pointed out that traditional careers had transformed, many of the professions today did not exist ten years ago, and in ten years, some of todays jobs may no longer exist. London was george washingt Saint Lucia Mourns The Passing Of Yves Renard, Five Time Calypso Monarch, Dr. Leroy Calliste aka The Black Stalin Has Died, The World Mourns The Passing Of Aswads Lead Singer Drummie Zeb, Saint Lucian Community Mourns The Passing Of Feminine Touch, Funeral Service Of Ethelbert Joseph Munro Baptiste MBE, Funeral Details For The Late Colin Bobb-Semple, Music World Mourns Passing of Reggae Icon Denroy Morgan, The World Mourns The Passing Of Music Mogul Jamal Edwards, St Lucia Association Mourns Passing Of Peter Montoute, World Mourns Passing Of Book Publisher Sarah White, Caribbean Mourns Passing Of Rum Guru Dr. Yesu Persaud, Dominica Mourns The Sudden Death of Dr Violet Cuffy, king frank i antigua Antigua And Barbuda Mourns The Passing Of Ambassador L. Franklin Francis, Jamaica Mourns The Passing Of Honorable Arnold Foote OJ, Caribbean Tourism Mourns Death Of Richard Williams, St Lucia Association Mourns Passing Of George Marquis, Reggae World Mourns Passing of Bunny Wailer, Grenada Mourns the Passing Of FMR. Nelson was conferred with an honorary Doctor of Letters (DLitt) for his contributions to culture and calypso. How to focus on Caribbean civilisation when all of civilisation was crumbling before our eyes? F. Ryan 33. 0. For me, my mother always said to me, Tell me while I am alive.. CCNTV6 Follow It was a graduation with a difference.. as calypsonian Lord Nelson// received his honorary doctorate from the University of the West Indies, St Augustine. Later in the ceremony, valedictorian Patti-Anne Ali lauded the graduates for powering through the challenges they faced over the past few years, including those brought on by the Covid-19 pandemic. Rowley proposes end to service commissions, Tyler Mahadeo publishes book 25 years after writing it, Bandits steal rum, cash, cellphones from Cumuto bar, ICED workers laid off for three months, not fired, Two held, police injured as Trincity chase ends in crash, Institute's recommendation to Paria Underwater pipelines must be mapped, Belmont teachers weighing refuse-to-work option, Relative of murdered Train Line man: Curfew in the community. Calypso was therefore divided into two classes: the social commentaries, which had songs dealing with politics and community issues; and the humorous calypso, which told stories of events, real or imagined, with the intent of making the audience laugh. They would also preserve the complex oral traditions of their West African origins, with songs of derision, praise, satire, and lament. Walcott-Hackshaw said Nelson not only built a career in music for himself, but also embraced others, helping to start their musical careers. CALYPSONIAN. Asked about the secret to his health and longevity Nelson said: I believe in God and I stay away from terrible things. With his glowing, handsome face and silky-husky voice . Nelsons cane went one way, his jacket the other, and with a coy smile he slowly unzipped the front of his shimmering gold romper, while suggestively rotating his bulging waist, inspiring a growing cheer from the audience with each exposed zip tooth and hip gyration. Should you ever feel different, should you ever feel othered because of your age, size, ethnicity, nationality, income level, gender, sexual orientation please know that these are your unique assets and not your liabilities. 2020 - 2021 Trinidad and Tobago Newsday. Upon emancipation, the tradition continued and developed, and chantwells would sing call-and-response chants called lavways, sometimes lionizing and cheering on locals sportsmen such as stick-fighters, with the chantwell giving the call and the audience providing the response.

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