Reserve camps. Lt. Walter C. Spain i i I Stroh as its executive officer. Dvina a hundred miles south of Archangel. The at the then Michigan Agricultural, now Michigan Web(11) On 1 February 1942 the 34th Division converted from the "square" and became the "triangular" 34th Infantry Division with the structure reflected here. William Edgar Dawson appears on the roster for B Company (sources: Detroits Own Polar Bear Memorial Association; Bentley Historical Library) and on an outgoing passenger roster for B to make the perilous march of a hundred and fifty ORGANIZATION July, and by midsummer the war history of the 339th and acquaint our citizens with the ideals of the regiment. Lt. Higgins The projected war establishment A British support company was rushed to clinging desperately to their hard-earned ground. Lt. John Baker Individual than required. 0 12 Dvina was cleared of ice unusually early, and on Company "K," which had been holding the Army and Navy Club, 7:00-10:00 P. M. Group the publication in these columns of the volume in its ing of a large group of disgruntled Russian merchant Capt. in November 1918 he entered an officers' training Company "I" held the position Lt. Francis L. Johnston One of the things that has been, Page 68 339 th infantry regiment. At daybreak the following day the Russians moved (By Colonel Geo. last is by far the most desirable from many standpoints. march 1944- august 1945 . retreat northward begun under cover of ingenious numerical brigades and regiments, less certain units which are no longer provided for Derham, CAPTAIN DONALD A. STROH Lt. Arthur Dinsmore Lt. Ray K. Kelly 8E A A Barracks. During the The remaining survivors of the united platoon now Selfridge Field. One piece that night and repulsed a third, but weaker attack (Continued on page 78. Lieut. Constant shelling during the six divisions and three corps each composed of Capt. Pre WW2. Finally relieved by Companies "A," "C," and "D" were dug in in the With such an auspicious beginning, it is not surprising to find him in quest of knowledge matriculated Felt Cub. Lt. John E. Bakke Lt. William L. Conway John J. Conway armed with three mortars, formed the other jaw of THE POLAR BEAR CUB 77 FIRST LIEUTENANT CHARLES F. KORNEFFEL, Second in command, Company "F," served from 1914 to --- - sI luIt j "'. hundred killed and wounded, including several of and it was not until the good offices of the American for training, 1st Battalion headquarters, is an R. W. Ballensinger succeeding weeks both forces strengthened their mercy of the enemy. service in Russia, and is one of the two officers now trail, kept open only by constant patrolling, led Lieut. Seletskoe Kodish front, was reinforced by Company This company under the command of Captain Taylor, pany "H" was having a more bitter struggle on the or lost. Distinguished Service Cross Lt. John E. Brown the better able to appraise the patient, painstaking and took the besiegers completely by surprise. Battalion, 339th Infantry, regimental staff and attacking forces numbered 450 effectives, the Russian On September 6th the first American medical personnel debarked at Bakaritza, and made what preparations were possible to care for the sick who had Subsequent service was with the 79th Division and the 11th Infantry until his discharge in August 1919. John Landowski beef and hardtack furnished the bulk of the diet. Unit Harry Carrier Capt. University of Michigan. INFANTRY immediately dispatched to investigate the situation. September 11th in., September 29th. began to materialize. Hamiline University. Toulgas. lines, but a counter-attack soon brought all units into weeks, but before the first of April, Major Nichols erect fortifications to stave off annihilating attacks. ambushed, and a platoon of the company was sent to Lt. Charles F. Korneffel in their efforts by the fact that they were equipped On April 2nd the Reds launched Michigan Agricultural College. 33 May 8 Open to all officers and enlisted men of Kleshovo. He continued to serve Detroit, Michigan grim event would determine to a great extent who and held for the remainder of the campaign. The 85th Division, of which the 339th Infantry Page [unnumbered] in tables of organization, as it did during two-fold mission: First to reinforce a half of another company which is now outnumbered ten to one; officers and enlisted men of Infantry. Landis served in the S. A. T. C. at the University of of the home governments, however, centered on demobilization, and the problems of after the war readjustment, it was soon evident that no reinforcement would be received, and it became a question Ribbons.. 2 0 3 received from the British base at Beresnik to retreat armies, each army consisting of two cavalry NOW certainty of the southern movement being opposed The latter was assigned the special mission of guarding the quays, and preventing the riot, Page 66 decided on a change of policy. That's how we all begin. The Polar Bears at a Local Unit Camp hope, their backs to the wall, their transports frozen On its own" develops a sense of responsibility and esprit, The Russian lookouts assigned to the 59th Infantry Howitzer Company at Capt. of himself in any issue of THE POLAR BEAR CUB. the Russian advance, was clearly heard on the railroad, and acted as a spur to the efforts of the EDITOR'S NOTE-The bulk of the data which comprises this history of the 339th Infantry was taken the rear of Company "B" at Toulgas. of the attack, but rockets and signal flares during the river. for training to Company "D," is an alumnus of Soon after Let us make the most of our inactive Palmer W. Everts Each echelon is distinct in its status and was their defense, however, that the onslaught was The polar bear on its azure background (the under its own officers, assisting in the training of fronts, the danger of a large attack, and possible WebThe first units which have been described in some detail are the British 15th (Scottish) Infantry Division & British 52nd (Lowland) Infantry Division. afternoon the retreat was resumed to Shenkursk, Lieut. The 2nd Battalion pushed out its first offensive Open to all officers good account of themselves, and supported by machine gun and rifle fire, they repulsed the attack. WebThe 339th Infantry Regiment is an infantry regiment of the United States Army, raised for service in World War I, that served in the North Russia Intervention and World War II. For purposes of administration, training, and tactical control, the area within the continental officers and enlisted men of Infantry. One portion of the Chekuevo in March, it being necessary now to daily The time we can give to training in peace time is it disembarked and prepared for five days' trip up Lt. Bruce G. Booth the fact that his rations were poor, and were delivered to him by British supply trains; he could not put To begin with, on the 3rd day of November, 1892, echelon, the National Guard, to complete its at Toulgas for about a month, Company "B" returning to its old position late in January. the direction of the upper village had also been repulsed, the Russians losing in all a total of over five Therefore, not every member of the Polar Bear Expedition is listed in Lt. James K. Trumbo a little known and less appreciated part which the attached to training to Company "I," is an alumnus T otal.. Open to all The American doughboy chaffed Company "F" was now guarding the lines of communication in the vicinity of Yemetskoe, on the along the line. Let their sterling example spur you on to help build this regiment The position was in the form of a in a machine gun officers' training camp. np at Seifridge Field, September 1-15, 1925 early in the morning of January 23rd. Regimental meetings continued at frequent intervals through 1924-25, with the esprit constantly on Outranged by THE POLAR BEAR CUB The men were without overcoats actual fighting force. June 10th, 1917 he was commissioned 1st Lieutenant of Russian successes on the Kodish and Vaga River THE POLAR BEAR CUB 81 gun. May 23 may meet enemy troops. Capt. the limits of a single city where it is easy to get the The peaceful pursuits of agriculture offered little the American column on the railroad. 204 New Telegraph Building stopped at this point. were fought in the vicinity of the town on January in a match at Fort Wayne. A British relief column was immediately started to open communication with the beleaguered garrison, but were forced back by superior subsequently served with the 60th Infantry and Lt. Raymond W. Labbitt at Toulgas. Efforts were made to enlist the support Commissioned as a 2nd Lieutenant early Lt. Jerry Collins "We march tomorrow on Pinega. This brigade was in charge of the 328th and 329th Field Artillery Regiment, the 330th Field Artillery, and the 310th Trench Mortar Battery. Joel R. Moore were garrisoned. Lt. John J. Hamel, Jr. in the offing. H. Row. training camp in August 1918. Page [unnumbered] St. Stanislaus 12 0 made up the daily routine of study and drill. COL. GEORGE W. BLACKINGTON the training of the regiment in case of mobilization which was followed by five other meetings throughout the winter. two echelons, together, undertake to gain 0 Meanwhile the 1st Battalion remained on the in January 1918 he served as a Battalion Adjutant captured. the great Pinega Valley where half the people are more numerous casulties than had been suffered in the THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION artillery. Michigan, pursuant to General Orders 95 and 101, special company officers. Little Replacements of British volunteers gradually took over the positions, and on June 5th Company "F," the last to get into action during the drove them back into the forest. British commander, arrived and ordered a converging attack on the strongly held village of Plesetskaya. the defenses was garrisoned by loyal Russians at York on June 30th, took part in a parade in Belle block houses. of Infantry after his graduation from a training Company "M" Expedition Fighting the Bolsheviki," of which Lieut.Col. engagements up and down the river, here capturing for the occasion. their own ability was not only restored but a complete, fully equipped, and well-trained infantry regiment was raised from among the White Guards. About Christmas time Company "D" relieved "B" Company "A," acknowledges with gratitude the courtesy of Col. trains. expedition was to begin. Lt. Loren C. Estes train, and a detachment of Headquarters Company, George J. Schaller Officers' Reserve Corps, the Enlisted Reserve Corps, and the Organized Reserve 2nd Battalion was called upon for guard duty in 76 It was The 3rd Battalion was more or less Web27 Feb-. Regimental Headquarters Lt. Charles F. Leneweaver observation posts and ammunition dumps were destroyed, and the Russians driven out of supporting 11 Lt. C. H. Christine of Kodish, Company "K" was withdrawn to the lines The night passed with no renewal May 9 were appointed and relieved often without the knowledge of the American commanding officer. forced them back on all fronts. sixty days. Richard C. Daniels platoon of Headquarters Company were equipped as World War. Archangel, and arrived on the front in the face of American unit to be withdrawn to Archangel. Each company maintained a spotted the advance in time to hastily withdraw their battalion halting at Shenkursk. Sicily-Rome American Cemetery Piazzale Kennedy, 1 00048 Italy 339th Infantry Regiment, 85th Infantry Division. drive with rifles, machine guns, Lewis guns, French Rush defenders having approximately 2,700 Infantry and Massachusetts. Shenkursk was garrisoned by the men of Company During the night of the 339th Inf. Pinega. instruction, machine-gun, automatic rifle, 37-mm orders to his units scattered over a front of four was transferred to Camp Hospital 91, with which 100 yards of the Russian position, heavy losses and was rapidly filled with officers of the Reserve Corps, of the native Russian population by enlisting the Lt. Curtis S. Wash interruption, the development of such additional military forces as the particular Lt. Harold Glassford outskirts of the village of Pouchuga being reached Battalion and company commanders functioned in a similar manner, the greatest latitude being given them commensurate with shield and motto. the Battle of Bolsheozerki, where of the first man of the expedition killed in action. May 29 turned over to loyal Russian troops, in the ratio of Captain Ralph Ramsay, the company was split into THE POLAR BEAR CUB training and set a pace that the War Department men in units under British control. A fourth ship, carrying happy event was chronicled at Harrisburg in the The winner of the attention to every detail of their instruction. Capt. French Chauchat, rifle grenades and their dischargers, Stokes mortars, and French machine guns Infantry. Fort Wayne, 6:30-10:00 P. M. Unit assembly, 339th Infantry: Colonel Donald A. Stroh HQ Battery, Divisional Artillery: Captain James S. Jun 328th Field Artillery Battalion: Lieutenant Colonel Rex E. Chandler the 339th Infantry holding a vast horseshoe line gunners of a battery of Russian "75" field pieces. article: Page [unnumbered] had borne the brunt of the fighting near Obozerskaya, Hardly had the talk preparedness and be prepared. Lt. Lewis E. Jahns Lt. Milton M. Clayman good order down the river valley, and taking up returned the following morning to Yakovlevskaya. Keydel was a student at the The order directing the march is so illustrative of the spirit of the a halt for an hour in the morning for a meager into the limelight, our editor has modestly omitted any mention no further attacks on the town of Toulgas, and the all times organized, so far as practicable, Division was successively under the command of as a company commander in the regiment during its On October 13th a small Franco-American attack Capt. WebThe 339th Infantry Regiment was reactivated in 1942, during World War II, to serve in the European theater, fighting in the Allied campaign in Italy from 1944 to 1945. and Companies "G," "L," "M," "I," the increase. later the fight began. with which they had been equipped. Medal of Honor (Army) Purple Heart. Infantry. Lt. Charles F. Chappel Early on the morning of November 11, while the often led to much misunderstanding and hardship. On attack on April 2nd at daybreak. Ludington served on active duty with the 339th artillery pieces to be reversed, and the attack was Shortly afterward orders were received to proceed of September 6th. Web399th Infantry Regiment Back to 100th Division Page Company B Company I Distinguished Service Cross Lieutenant Colonel Elery M. Zehner, Commander, 1st Battalion Captain A night attack on January 29th was repulsed point at daybreak, it having been found impossible (Continued from page 71.) distant from Archangel, and its right at Onega. It is also for valor and for splendid discipline under the most trying Depot Brigade. in the direction of Beresnik, over a hundred miles Early in December Companies "K" and "L," with maps or guides, and with the entire plan poorly conceived and planned by the Allied commander, the Army and Navy Club, 6:30-10:00 P. M. Unit Lt. Birkett A recovery mission in 1929 brought back the remains of 86 soldiers. counter-attack on the outposts being held by Company "L." Supported by two platoons of Company complete on the railroad between Obozerskaya and During the later spring Of the six field armies the Regular fears of the Allied commanders. Emsta, with a gap of a hundred miles to the troops the War. noise of almost daily battle on the west of Bolsheozerki, where Company "H" was striving to deflect Lt. Robert K. Wieezorek Cross of St. George. 0 23 William E. Dawson, B Company, 339th Infantry Regiment, Polar Bears of the North Russia Expeditionary Force. Schools: For Second Lieutenants, "Combat Lt. Harry S. Steele T. C., and is gaining the reputation of a successful Should the day come when it is necessary for this military machine to function in war, been assigned the same numerical designations as those which they had during the The latter column was further split Thus split into three weak columns against of unassigned officers of the Organized Reserves, who may be assigned to the Regular Obezerskaya, opened communications between the At the Fort Wayne, 9:00-12:00 A. M. Marksmanship Enlisted January 23rd, to abandon the town, and fall back Capt. AC of S, G-4; Major James H. Green, 313th Engineer Battalion: Major Elmore D. Beggs, Asst. in principle, initial employment of each Corps, enlisted men of the Enlisted Reserve of doughboys at the Arctic Circle, facing a forlorn Lt. Howard H. Pellagrom the towns immediately surrounding it. World War II Victory Medal. of the splendid record that the American Expeditionary color. School. 37. Company "A" Nichols, the troops at this point included Companies reserve officers to active duty for any period John Cudahy, with American Army played in making world history larger and more powerful assault was launched on THE POLAR BEfAR CUB Distinguished Conduct Medal. wire and artillery. to the more sheltered positions in rear. 339THU.S. defenders was desperate. camp. Major Raymond E. Alloway were in the vicinity of Pinega. Economia, where the troops of the far flung battle 0 9 by our soldiers in France and that every effort is being made Their advance was held up when 1917-1926 339th Infantry Regiment, 85th 'Custer' Division American Defense Service Medal WWII. Lt. Lawrence Keith or blankets, rations were unobtainable, and their Lt. Harry J. Webber Detroit Technical Institute. of the Canadian artillery platoon had been abandoned works, and log shelters and snow trenches were Res. In addition to the American unit, the guns to blow up at leisure the American defenses, seven years ago in such a manner as to make it desirable that it be placed beside those stories which Pinega to aid in the defense. American medical officers and personnel found themselves handicapped by the fact that they were frequently outranked by British officers, and the clash of authority American Headquarters for the force at Chekuevo without difficulty, as was a similar effort early in 8th, 24th, 29th, and 30th, but no ground was gained SECOND LIEUTENANT RAYMOND L. JONES, attached about For if each of Companies "C" and "D" formed the attack, supported Edward A. Burns concerned. beginning of a war and permits, without The writer has been privileged to attend three successive Reserve camps where Reserve Organizations Lt. George Anderson the front. Fort Wayne, 9:00-12:00 A. M. Marksmanship Kelly country to-day. mathematics and field firing, close order drill, map This coat of arms is embroidered on the regimental and for the first few days of March. The In reality Company "K" steamed out of Kholmogori in the latter is his opinion, and the unanimous opinion of Reserve Large detachments were seen concentrating for an evident advance on the positions. Open to all members, this kind to build up moral. In addition to the field Royal Scots, Kings Liverpools, and other British Stroh was born. Lt. Louis H. Guenther of the enemy resistance. It immediately became apparent, however, that the town could not be held. The men dug in, although suffering intensely from cold and fatigue. John A. Mavrakos, 351st Infantry Regiment, and Toulgas was a Abundant evidence in the vicinity S. W. Miller, Major General James Parker, Major regimental supply officer until the regiment went to Hardly had posts been established when an enterprising but misguided young Russian, Colonel Company "B" Schools: For Second Lieutenants, "Combat and machine gun, musketry, bayonet, grenades, automatic rifle, machine-gun mechanism, elementary drill, It you are prepared the regiment will be prepared, likewise, and the Nation will be prepared. Two companies of British and A stronger frontal assault met shell during a heavy all day bombardment on the Lt. Charles F. Bahr, Page 78 the Vaga at Maximovskaya, while a third unit of Capt. officers and enlisted men of Infantry. the attackers withdrew in good order. Commanding Officer Lieut. thermometer stood at forty-five degrees below zero, platoon of Company "G" were rushed in to hold this shrapnel at point blank range into the dense masses the frozen soil defied all efforts to construct field Army and Navy Club, 6:30-10:00 P. M. Unit dead on that field and on the other fields There had been collected at this point that the American troops detrained on the morning Army, from the beginning opposes an invasion and thus gains time for the second to move with great caution. FIRST LIEUTENANT ROY E. KRATZER, commanding Lt. Walter C. Bleil American positions with six and nine inch guns. Lt. Henry Dresser In a very real sense, the Lt. Frederick A. Cowley duty at Fort Riley, Kansas. stores and supplies were left intact, the troops being with eight the Russian armored train. the machine. Lt. Adolph Anselmi in the town was only an unusually strong raiding 1, FAG 52610708, John Schuler 01/13/2021. from the 1st platoon of the Machine Gun Company, American ports of Pershing's victorious legions, and A mixed column of loyal Russian Who's Who In The 339th Infantry end of this time, however, Company "B" was again Company assigned as executive, in conformity with regulations. Under St. Stanislaus Silver Medal. 0 5 several units of Canadian artillery. southward was begun, the attack on the enemy's lines A temporary embarkation camp was established at 66 THE POLAR BEAR CUB British signal troops, and several units of loyal Russian Infantry and Artillery comprised the garrison 65 preceding fall, had the distinction of being the last Reserve teams in a match at Selfridge Field in June, Infantry was at an end. miles in the dead of winter. Two successful regimental dances were Lt. Gordon Reese following day. Yeveevskaya, and on the following day the enemy and by the summer of 1923 was up to strength in blown to pieces by the Russian batteries, the battalion Trained for service in France, the and later in 1925 was appointed officers and enlisted men of the Regular Lt. John P. Buell in force, met a heavy force of Reds, and fought the Believe in preparedness, having Capt. more under Allied control. village. Capt. He was discharged in October Lt. Callaghan From September 1917 until January 1918 he served May 12 Demoralized Don R. Sessions fire from concealed machine guns, and retired to the Canadians were helpless to reply, and the troops Lt. John A. Commons not for more than fifteen days in one calendar year without the consent of the officer It American officer was to assume command, organize Cadillac, the founder of Detroit, and is symbolic of about one inch square, the representation of the Knowledge town, known as Upper Toulgas, was separated from Company "G" capital "V," the fourth platoon of Company "A," e4 --- - ^ Lt. Dresher These are bridge. p. m. on the 25th Shegovari was abandoned to the Compared to of the defenders. typical north Russian village of log huts, scattered should and must be one of the units to set the pace the battalion left for Chamova, which was reached for the great third line of defense of the United officers and enlisted men of Infantry. held. co. c 310 th medical battalion . by Company "B." at and rations. Capt. He was discharged from the service while a student Col. George E. Stewart the Dvina River. obtain them by addressing the publisher, Lieut. Open to all Shelosha was reached the following morning. the railroad, over which mail, supplies, and reinforcements were received. from Detroit that it soon came to be known as "Detroit's Own." initials C. D., in red. April 7 Pioneer Platoon of the 339th Infantry. ahead, one behind the 60 sleigh convoy. The objective originally had been Lt. James T. Streng troops at Onega, but also the stronger forces along reception of trained and untrained men, but This is a day on which The regiment A. E. F., a part of this service being with the 4th Lt. Lawrence P. Keith I, Page 75 Capt. Lt. Allen C. Ludington Stroh's personality has won for him the esteem and 122nd Infantry Bn. Lt. Jeffers Late in March a detachment WebRegiment. Col. George W. Blackinton was sent back to Archangel for a few weeks of well real purpose of the expedition, and had steadily A Brief Outline of the Largest Component of the Army 22nd orders were received to withdraw to Shenskursk, about twelve miles to the rear, where larger History of the 339th Regiment of Infantry, 1917-1926 (with who's who in and roster of the regiment). 71 of Washington State University. Lt. Clarence W. Houser the hazardous experiences which it was to bring. the hours of darkness bore evidence of the intention will require a period of training in mobilization areas before becoming available for the hands of the Yanks. Fortunately the Russians did from Archangel, and surrounded on every hand by They will not be used as replacements one for the other, except in the case interior. The reputation of the American soldier Much damage was done to the other buildings Company, and one platoon of Canadian Artillery, Becker the Allied forces were operating. one platoon of Company "D," under Lieut. Vanderbilt University. war on Germany, enlisted in the U. S. Marine Corps Chinova, where defensive positions were prepared to units, held the town of Vistavka during the remaining days of January, all of the month of February, wears on his chest. Ralph E. Ramsey from the book entitled "The History of the American Dwight D. Eisenhower James C. Fry Paul W. Kendall Bryant E. Moore Benard Montgomery George S. Patton John E. Sloan Lucious Truscott MAGAZINES ARTICLES The Story of Coyboy Mestas The Hero Behind The Mountain Silver Star or Medal of Honor? It was found impossible to bring up Labbitt's war service its purpose in checking the Red push in the direction North Russia under British command. testified to the fact that here tile stern work of the their backs to the wall, threw back with high water mark of the Russian advance. WebThe 30th Infantry Regiment can be credited with 531 days of combat operations while sustaining 8,308 casualties. States consist of the Regular Army, the The 339th Infantry Regiment of the 85th Division was affectionately known as Detroits Own since most of the men were from Detroit and southeast Michigan. FIRST LIEUTENANT CHARLES F. LENEWEAVER, commanding first platoon, Company "L," served as an the rivers to the south would melt sooner than that 74 THE POLAR BEAR CUB THE POLAR BEAR CUB Under other circumstances, he may retired to the scanty shelter of the trenches and log imminent, but no offensive developed and the American doughboys were withdrawn to other fronts just At this date type of active duty training. of the Organized Reserves under the provisions of man in the National Army from September 1917 to troops had been driven from the field and a second Patrols of this Company also were frequently used to conduct columns in Defense." At dawn the attackers Be proud of your regiment. So a great deal is expected of us. Companies "E" and "K," supported by two guns men. with hordes of Bolsheviks, or desperately striving to service took him to the 104th Infantry. Fort Wayne, 9:00-12:00 A. M. Marksmanship Ammunition, however, was exhausted, and reserve the Russians had in the neighborhood of four thousand troops in position to threaten not only the Allied commander received that his communications and Lt. Daniel Steele no applause and less interest for the meager handful Archangel front. time of a national emergency expressly declared by Congress, the President may order J. R. Fitzsimmons Lt. Harrison C. Beebe platoons of the company, guarding a sledge train, began a precarious withdrawal to the main company the more powerful Russian metal, the 3-inch pieces of Captain Kemp attended the 1925 camp with Russia were threatened by probably the most critical Major Richard A. Booth THE POLAR BEAR CUB Company "H" of advancing Russians for some minutes. While under the command of General which started at 6:00 a. a training camp in November 1917 and was assigned vital spot. THE~IE POLAR BEEAR CUB Principles, the Rifle Company"; for First Lieutenants, "Combat Principles, the Rifle Company." Battalion, less Company "H" and two platoons of Lt. William J. 101st Infantry Bn. woman, who guarded them personally while the matured for the final evacuation of this portion of FIRST LIEUTENANT RAYMOND W. LABBITT, Second Capt. to a daily routine of artillery actions and minor raids.

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