For your reference, an estimated peep only weight is 20 grains, and a peep + tube is 45 total grains. To make the change inarrow, I went back to ourArrow Efficiency Calculator. For example, it takes approximately 40 ft/lbs(+or-) of kinetic energy to kill a whitetail deer. Please keep in mind that this approach will only give you close estimates, and that it becomes a less accurate the further out we go (I wouldnt suggest using it for anything beyond 70 yards, which is far beyond what youll be hunting from anyway). At the rated 350 fps IBO the speed should be 319 so we know that the IBO is slightly high. Every bow gains efficiency a little differently. The most critical factor is the IBO speed entered as this is the starting point of the calculations. Bows 5-10 years old will tend to gain efficiency faster than one that is brand new. of draw weight your bow is reduced, raw arrow speed is reduced 15-20 fps. Granted, this is not as accurate as a chronograph, but it'll give you an idea. The arrow ballistics calculator below will help you determine your arrows vertical drop, speed, kinetic energy and momentum, for up to 70 yards out in 10 yard increments. As a general rule, with every 10 pound increase in draw weight, arrow speed rises by around 20 fps. 3. Muley Short Sleeve T-shirt | Solids, Coues On Short Sleeve T-shirt | Black/Gray, Western Whitetail Multicam Flexfit Mesh Cap, +/- 1 inch change in draw length ~ +/-10 FPS, +/- 10 pound change in draw weight ~+/- 18 FPS, +/- 3 grain change in arrow weight ~ +/- 1 FPS, +/- 3 grain change in string weight ~ +/- 1 FPS. The Archery & Crossbow Ballistic Calculator is an easy-to-use tool for calculating the flight path, the velocity and the energy of crossbow and bow arrows. A 10 ft-lbs difference in KE can potentially result in a noticeable difference in the arrows ability to effectively penetrate the animal and cause a humane kill. Factoring in the gravitational constant in both of those formulas for hunting arrows is necessary to account for the effect of gravity on the arrows motion. Arrow Ballistics Calculator Kinetic Energy, Drop, Speed, Momentum, Crossbow Kinetic Energy Chart, Calculations, Hunting Requirements, Crossbow Arrow Drop Charted Test Results. ArcheryHunting.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. Reduce the IBO speed until the calculator shows the verified speed of 315; in this case, the correct IBO value would be 346 fps. How far can you shoot a crossbow? One thing to remember is that while kinetic energy provides the impact of your arrow on your intended target, what it doesnt necessarily provide is information on your arrows ability to penetrate and travel through your target. When you pull the trigger most of that PE is transferred to the arrow and converted to kinetic energy (KE), which propels it downrange. To properly calculate arrow speed, use the following formula: IBO Speed(in fps) + (Draw Length 30) x 10 Additional Weight on Bowstring (in grains) / 3 + MIN(0, (Arrow Weight(in grains) 5 x Draw Weight in Pounds) / 3 )). - 400 F.P.S. And this is a bigger problem than you may think at the moment. Example - A 70#/29" bow that's rated at 350 fps is has been chronographed at 315 fps with a 400 grain arrow. If your target is to find how fast an arrow travels, then you aim right because the arrow speed calculator will easily help you with that With this archery calculator, you'll also be able to identify the different factors and what values can help you improve your arrow's speed. So, the closer you can get to your target, the more kinetic energy your arrow will have. Draw weight: The more draw weight you pull, the faster the arrow will fly. Not too long after that came the advent of the speed bow, and soon, almost every bow on the market was capable of hurling anarrowat 300 fps. Even at 275 FPS you only get close to it at 10 yards out. The technical storage or access is necessary for the legitimate purpose of storing preferences that are not requested by the subscriber or user. Here are a few rules of thumb to remember: The Kinetic Energy and Momentum Calculators here use the gravitational constant to give you the best results for kinetic energy and momentum. As such we decided to use 400 grain arrows, as this was bound to yield results most closely resembling those that a new crossbow buyer will experience when shooting the arrows in their crossbow package. Power stroke is the distance, in inches, that the string accelerates an arrow down a crossbow's flight rail. Use the Arrow Efficiency Calculator to find the optimal arrow for your bowhunting setup. The factors that impact the overall speed of your arrow are: In addition, it is important to understand that sometimes even minor changes to your draw length, draw weight, and arrow weight can seriously affect the speed, kinetic energy, and momentum of your arrows when they are shot from your bow. The most critical factor is the IBO speed entered as this is the starting point of the calculations. Another common speed rating is the ATA rating, which uses a 30-inch draw length, 70 lb. The rule of thumb is that for every 10 lbs. This specification determines the arrow speed, provided that you keep the following parameters: If you deviate from these parameters, the arrow speed will not equal the one given by the specification. Similar in design, the 35 3/4-inch-long Horton Storm RDX attains 370 fps from a 16 1/2-inch power stroke and 165-pound draw weight. After you've entered these values, the calculator will display the actual arrow speed, momentum, and kinetic energy of the arrow , What is IBO speed? For every inch of draw length above 30, add 10 ft/s to the IBO value. The sights on a crossbow compensate for arrow drop by their installed height and not all sights are installed at the same height so not all crossbows shoot the exact same trajectory in appearance. Momentum is often considered more important for hunting because it can help the arrow maintain its penetration potential. This arrow speed calculator allows you to accurately determine the speed of an arrow. Remember, the speed of your arrow is at the point of the shot. When a crossbow is said to shoot at 300 FPS, that means that, when the arrow leaves the flight rail, it would travel 300 feet in the span of one second if it could constantly maintain its momentum and trajectory. . Finally, enter the Additional weight on the string if this is known. Point Weight (Grains) In the majority of cases once a peep is added the speed will only be a few fps off but the ratings of some bows are significantly off. You want to know the arrow's speed when you increase both the draw length and the arrow weight. High Velocity Crossbows. And remember, in bowhunting speed is good but it is far from everything. Compare expected FPS across over 120 crossbows and decide which one to buy. At the rated 350 fps IBO the speed should be 319 so we know that the IBO is slightly high. Before we see how to calculate bow speed, let's go through the main factors that influence the arrow speed to better understand how the actual speed is determined: Draw weight DDD This is the force required to pull a bow, expressed in pounds. This tool should get you close to that. SHORT STROKES. The speed decreases exponentially as the arrow travels. While it is based on the bow speed IBO specification, you can input the individual settings of your bow. In short, you need as much FPS as possible without sacrificing the other parameters of a crossbow to values that make such trade-off unworthy. The same team that conducted the above research suggested a way to calculate the effective range for each bow/crossbow model: Divide the crossbow velocity (in FPS) by 10. For every inch of draw length under 30, subtract 10 feet per second (fps) from the IBO-rated speed value. Knowing the rough speed at which your arrow will fly, you can now use our kinetic energy calculator to quickly figure out your arrows initial kinetic energy. 475 grain arrows will fly at ~92.3% of initial speed To properly calculate momentum, use the following formula: Mass (Arrow Weight in grains) x Velocity (Arrow Speed (in fps)) / 225218 The result of this formula is calculated in slugs. draw weight, and 350-grain arrow. In closing, using an arrow speed calculator will provide a solid estimate; however, you have to shoot your hunting weight arrow through a chronograph to know exactly how fast it is flying. If you try to do all of these calculations by hand, keep in mind what units you actually use! But that rarely happens, and heres why. Light Blue: Range of efficient arrow weights. Moisture and rain will slow the arrow's flight. When you look at this and compare it to the table above, you can calculate what the right arrow can accomplish after you shoot it. You can go to heavy with an arrow, but the answer is not as simple as that. We use cookies to optimize our website and our service. The crossbow community has been obsessed with velocity ever since the resurgence of the crossbow as a viable weapon for hunting. These will result in relatively small variations that you should not worry much about. ), Any additional weight on your bowstring (nock loop, peep, etc.). It's measured by applying an 880-gram weight to the arrow, suspended from the center of the shaft. Enter speed and arrow weight data into the calculator. This calculator is based on average efficiency gains as arrow weight is increased from 5 grains per pound (IBO). You can measure arrow speed using optical chronographs, Doppler chronographs, or laptop-based audio applications. For every 3 grains of additional weight on the bowstring, subtract 1 fps from the IBO value. Arrow drop test results Bowhunting of any kind is a short range affair and is best kept under 35 Yards. 2. As the older bows were less efficient out of the box, they naturally have more room for improvement. *Slugs can be converted to Pound-Seconds by multiplying the result from the above formula by 32.174. Try our arrow speed calculator below! For example, a 500 spine arrow bends .5 inches when the weight is applied. 15.5 300. Point Blank Range; Point blank range when sighting in a crossbow is the first point at which the line of sight intersects with the arrows path in the arrows trajectory arc. Bowstring weight: Adding weight to a bowstring (peep sight, string silencers, string loop) will affect raw speed, but not by much. With that said, the average efficiency curve utilized for the calculator is based on various bows from APA, Elite, Bowtech, Hoyt, and PSE ranging from 40lbs up to 85lbs. This average will get most bows within a few percent of real-world speeds. Archery Hunting 101: Bow Hunting for Beginners. Arrow weight AAA If you guessed that the size and weight of an arrow influence its speed, you're correct. The standard method of estimating and selling the raw arrow speed of a compound bow is complex and specific. All Rights Reserved. Generally bows will put slightly more energy into heavier arrows, so the actual speed you get with a heavier arrow will probably be a little higher than this formula calculates. You can obtain this value with this formula: An arrow's kinetic energy is determined as: Keep in mind that the arrow loses speed as it travels. Arrow Speed Calculator. Sighting-in your crossbow properly to compensate trajectory. And the greater the mass, the longer the energy stays in the arrow as it flies. Do 100 FPS make such an impactful difference? Point Blank Range; Point blank range when sighting in a crossbow is the first point at which the line of sight intersects with the arrows path in the arrows trajectory arc. Now check the distance and estimate the speed below: If you are using a recurve bow, arrows can travel at up to 225 feet per second (fps) or 150mph, while arrows from a compound bow travel at up to 300 fps (200mph). To find the distance that your arrow will travel, you can use the projectile motion calculator. For the most accurate results, it is best to use a known speed and known arrow weight under 6 grain per pound to determine your corrected IBO value. The gravitational constant (g) is the acceleration due to gravity, which is 32.174 feet per second per second at sea level. FPS calculators (Frame per Second) work by using large databases of FPS records for various processors and graphic cards. The momentum of an arrow is linked to arrow penetration. A 70#/29 bow that's rated at 350 fps is has been chronographed at 315 fps with a 400 grain arrow. For whitetail deer this requirement is lower any crossbow 250 FPS and up will be a safe pick. For a more detailed explanation, check the notes below the calculator. The same is true of a crossbow arrow. While it is based on the bow speed IBO specification, you can input the individual settings of your bow. The arrow ballistics calculator below will help you determine your arrow's vertical drop, speed, kinetic energy and momentum, for up to 70 yards out in 10 yard increments. Corrected IBO Example - A 70#/29" bow that's rated at 350 fps is has been chronographed at 315 fps with a 400 grain arrow. If you want to learn more about momentum and how to calculate it, we have a dedicated momentum calculator that you might enjoy! Actual ballistics data will vary slightly based on weather conditions and how high above sea level you are. What allows an arrow to ethically and effectively kill wild game is a combination of kinetic energy and momentum. At the rated 350 fps IBO the speed should be 319 so we know that the IBO is slightly high. Ever wonder exactly how much kinetic energy is released by an arrow, based on its initial speed and distance traveled? To calculate arrow speed, measure the distance in inches between the two groups of arrows you shot from 20 and 40 yards. The results suggested a weight between 400- and 428-grains. This is a good rough rule to remember in case you need to do some quick on-the-spot kinetic energy calculations in the field. Total string accessory weights in grains (peep, tube, silencers, etc.). Bowstring weight WWW Adding accessories to a bowstring impacts its speed; for every 3 grains of extra weight on the bowstring, deduct 1 fps from the IBO number. By simply indicating the particular values of some parameters, this tool will help you calculate an arrow fps speed. So if we have 100 ft-lb initial energy (at 0 yards), at 10 yards you can expect roughly 97-97 ft-lbs. 450 grain arrows will fly at ~95% of initial speed You will need to provide total arrow weight and initial speed for the calculation to be effective, as well as some other optional info (see below). 13.6 320. For example, a bow designated as IBO 330 could achieve greater speeds than a bow rated as IBO 300. The new speed, s2 = sqrt (350/450)*300 = 264.5 fps. If you open any online store that is selling them, you'd see that the speed of the arrows (measured in FPS or feet per second) that are launched by each listed model is their most prominent feature. Chasing 300 fps? Reduce the IBO speed until the calculator shows the verified speed of 315; in this case the correct IBO value would be 346 fps Then, the more draw weight you use to pull, the quicker an arrow will fly and the more kinetic energy it will have. The chart below, and the research conducted is copyrighted material and is the property of BestCrossbowSource. When shooting a compound bow, all things being equal, they are: Many bowhunters dont quite understand the complexity behind bow speeds. For example, if you increase the draw weight by 5 pounds the speed of your arrows can increase by 10 fps. Arrow speed Value must be between 100 and 500 Feet Per Second. Mid-Range Rise; Mid-range rise when sighting in a crossbow is the highest point in the arrows trajectory between the point blank range and the true zero point. How to determine the optimal shooting range for my crossbow? The most critical factor is the IBO speed entered as this is the starting point of the calculations. Scope sights have an advantage as they can easily be raised higher above the flight rail by simply installing higher rings, when this is done the crossbow will sight-in differently and appear to have a flatter trajectory, which is a good thing. Knowing the rough speed at which your arrow will fly, you can now use our kinetic energy calculator to quickly figure out your arrow's initial kinetic energy. Which means that if you want to be able to reliably hit live targets at 40 yards, you better have a crossbow that is able to launch arrows at 400 FPS or more. Finally, using our arrow ballistics calculator (which requires that both arrow speed and mass are known) we determined the values plotted in the chart below. The arrow speed calculator above provides a quick estimation. Every 3 grains of total arrow weight above draw weight multiplied by 5, will subtract 1 foot per second from the IBO value. Fast-flying arrows have flatter flight trajectories and less deviation from the wind. If you're planning on using 450 grain arrows, the information above suggests that your arrow will leave the crossbow at a speed of around 380 FPS (95% of 400). And second, faster arrows leave less time for the animal to react to the shot sound. Privacy Policy, N1 Outdoors N-Tune Nock Tuning Reflective Arrow Wraps (various designs), N1 Outdoors Bowhunt Oh Yeah Bowhunting Tee, N1 Outdoors Just PassN Through Bowhunting Tee (Heather Royal), N1 Outdoors N-Tune Nock Tuning Reflective Arrow Tracers (24-pack), Just PassN Through Tee (featuring Magnus Black Hornet Ser-Razor Broadhead), Just PassN Through Tee (featuring Iron Will). Please keep in mind that the values below assume the crossbow configuration is not altered, and that the only change is in arrow weight. Kinetic Energy Vs Momentum for Hunting? And of course, most of us operate within a more or less fixed budget and don't enjoy the idea of spending $3k-$4k on one of the latest and greatest models. The speed of your arrow will determine how flat of a trajectory your arrow has at short and long distances and how much arc is needed to travel large distances. This is because the IBO speeds are determined under a set of particular conditions: Then, for comparing bow speeds, you'll need tomaintain these factors constant. Now we have what we need to calculate KE: Arrow speed: 240 FPS Arrow weight: 400 grain The formula for calculating Kinetic Energy is: (Arrow weight) x (Arrow speed) x (Arrow speed) / 450,240 In general, all three methods can be used with equal success as there is little difference in measured speed. *All data are approximate. It will give you a rough idea of how fast an arrow travels after changing the bow from the recommended specifications. While KE is an important factor in penetration, momentum is also critical because it determines the arrows ability to push through the target. But let's get a bit more precise (pun unintended): Aside from your aiming skills, animals jumping the string is the most common reason for disappointing results on hunting trips with a crossbow. Crossbow Kinetic Energy Chart, Calculations, Hunting Requirements, Compare expected FPS across over 120 crossbows, Arrow Ballistics Calculator Kinetic Energy, Drop, Speed, Momentum, Crossbow Arrow Drop Charted Test Results, Best Hunting Crossbow For The Money in 2020. You decide to use 400 grain arrows, and using our FPS guide you calculate the point-blank speed of your arrow to be 240 FPS. To learn more about kinetic energy and momentum, visit our kinetic energy calculator and this impulse and momentum calculator. Thats a massive difference in a hunting scenario. My bow stayed the same: 60-pounds at 27.5-inches of draw. You can use the results obtained from this archery calculator in the projectile motion calculator to analyze the arrow's path. The calculator assumes average air density and air viscosity. Bow Manufacturer IBO Speed (ft/sec) Draw Weight (lbs) Draw Length (inches) Arrow Weight (grains) Weight Added to String (grains) (20gr = peep only, 45gr = peep and tube) Arrow Speed 0 ft/sec 0 mph Arrow Kinetic Energy 0 ft-lbs.

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