Skilled craftsmen, they . He was the son of incomers from Hondschoote, now in French Flanders. Your email address will not be published. By the 16th Century, however, this industry was in crisis, with competition coming from cheaper and better quality merchandise from Flanders a region in the south west of the Low Countries now split between Belgium, France and the Netherlands. The Elizabethan Strangers, often referred to as just the Strangers, were a group of Protestant refugees seeking political asylum from the Catholic Low Countries, who settled in and around Norwich. http://www.edp24.co.uk/features/how-norwich-s-strangers-helped-a-fine-city-stay-a-great-one-1-5256445, http://www.bbc.co.uk/legacies/immig_emig/england/norfolk/article_2.shtml, https://thosewhowillnotbedrowned.wordpress.com/2011/06/24/the-norwich-strangers-16th-century-refugees/. Sheraton. Many Norwich residents are descendants of these Strangers, whose influence can still be seen in buildings around the region, as well as in the way Norfolk people talk. 23 February 2014 CABBURN, Norwich, any time, william.cabburn@sky.com William Cabburn. However, the relationship between the Norwich Strangers and the English was generally stable. The city welcomed these incomers, but kept a careful check on their numbers. They did bring with them a love of canary breeding, which soon caught on with the locals. Matthew Wren, Bishop of Norwich, was one of Laud's most committed followers, and frequently quarrelled with the Stranger community. These 'diverse strangers of the Low Countries' had fled to England to escape religious persecution in their homeland. Learn how your comment data is processed. The real treasure of today's book shop excavation however, was an old booklet published in 1969 by Leicester University Press in their Department of English Local History Occasional Papers. They taught their skills to local people and employed some as apprentices, again contributing to the local economy. Is your surname among the top 100 in Norfolk? put many Calvinists in a life-and-death situation. They include well-known Norfolk families such as the Boileaus, the Columbines and the Martineaus. Yamouth and Norwich had lower concentrations than the average. These Strangers were broadly welcomed in this area of Eastern England and there were two main reasons why. Many families, despite our ideas of the dying fuedal system, were moving around East Anglia, and even England between the 13th and 16th centuries. Details of a new skill brought to the city by incomers are revealed in Mayors Court entries in 1590. He had tried to stage an uprising to drive the Dutch and Flemish migrants out of Norwich, but had been foiled and was awaiting execution when he wrote the poem. For example, immigrants listed at Norwich in 1440, included persons by the surnames Rider, Johnson, Forest, Skynner, Couper, Bush, Goldsmyth, and Glasier. It is entitledNorfolk Surnames in the Sixteenth Century by R.A McKinley. The contents of the published registers can be exemplified by the Walloon or Strangers' Church in Canterbury edited by Hovenden on FS Library films 0086956-7 containing: Baptisms 1581-1837. Ironically, one of Solempnes English publications was a poem by Thomas Brooke. There were also migrations, from the nearby Continent, and these migrations (and the above Northern English) migrations were not strictly urban. In 1633-4, the Norwich rate book listed many names which were probably Dutch or Flemish in origin. The anti-Protestant policies of their Habsburg ruler, Philip II of Spain, together with economic hardship and war, forced many people to leave the Low Countries. However, because she obstinately refused to pay, the matter came before the Mayors Court, which sent her to prison. At a time when skills were handed down through apprenticeships, the Strangers could teach local workers to produce new types of cloth, giving fresh impetus to Norwichs flagging inductry. Many more would have crossed county boundaries into Suffolk, Lincolnshire, etc. rather than specifically for the census. It is important that we continue to promote these adverts as our local businesses need as much support as possible during these challenging times. In the coming weeks we will be bringing you stories about large groups of people who left the Low Countries for other parts of the world. but I can not find a birth for Mathew with either derivation being born in the Low Countries about 1520- 1522 .But if anyone could point me in the right direction i would be most grateful Thank you, Hello Mark, thanks for your comment. I spent too much money today on reading materials. What were their occupations and social status and what were their daily lives like? By 1830, the Norwich poll book includes very few: possibly only Adrian Decleve (goldsmith) and John De Vear (draper). Despite the friction the Norwich textile trade continued to flourish, the Strangers married into local families and their otherness gradually faded. Another correspondent, Clais van Wervekin, tells his wife that the English were well disposed to the incomers and that if she were to come to Norwich, she would never think of returning to Flanders. C14 onwards. The 'Strangers' of Norwich; are well documented. Performance & security by Cloudflare. The author then discusses possible biases, for example, some parts of England appear to have generated more locative surnames than others. The book draws on surnames recorded in the County of Norfolk, during the 16th Century AD. Mathei may have had 2 sons Eustacius and William , also born in Old Hunstanton in 1549 and 1551.. First generation immigrants are sometimes at least recorded as such in wills or letters of administration. There were no locative surnames from Wales. Collecting, caring for, and making unique Norfolk records accessible. Today, there are a few obvious reminders of the Strangers of old. 30 households of master weavers, totalling almost 300 people, journeyed from the Low Countries to Norwich seeking refuge from religious persecution. The Dutch printer, Anthony de Solempne, was employed to publish official orders and decrees. Some surnames marking their nationality did survive in 16th Century Norfolk, such as French, Ducheman, Briton / Brett (Breton) etc. The author then moves on to records of other foreign born. On the whole, the Strangers integrated well with the local community. This comprised elegies, including one to Johannes Elison, a long meditation on Psalm 8 and 221 Dutch epigrams. Twenty-four of the householders admitted were Dutch and six were Walloons the latter a Romance ethnic people native to Belgium, principally its southern region of Wallonia, who spoke French and Walloon. That's according to Geneaology site Forebears, which has collected data around people's names in Norfolk compared to the rest of the country. However, these are the locative surnames that still remain in Norfolk, that appear to have an origin within the County. Finally for some name holders at least, the surname could originate from a now "lost" medieval place once called Norridge in the parish of Upton Scudamore in Wiltshire. A Poet, His Friend and Overstrands Mill House. I had a copy of this excellent landscape history when it was published, but unfortunately lent it out, and never saw it again. For example, there were 402 people called FECK in Norwich St John at the time of the 1881 census. In 1578, Queen Elizabeth I made a state visit to Norwich, which may have been a specific attempt to demonstrate her support for the Strangers. There was no pattern to suggest a large migration from any one part of the County, to another. Later that year, the Queen responded by issuing a royal Letters Patent, allowing thirtye duchemen and their households totalling no more that 300 people to settle within Norwichs city walls. Walloons remain a distinctive ethnic community within Belgium. Writing this verse helped John to keep in touch with his Flemish heritage while living and working in England, and he is a good example of how migrants from any age can engage with both the culture of their heritage and that of their adopted country. The Frequency column shows the percentage of people in this county or town You are visiting this website through a public account.This allows you to read all articles, but not buy any products. In 1633-4, the Norwich rate book listed many names which were probably Dutch or Flemish in origin, such as Vanrockenham, Vartingoose, Verbeake, Vertegans, Vinke, Dehem, Dehage. Registration districts were originally created for the registration of births, marriages and deaths, They were famous for breeding canaries, and the football clubs name is one of their most famous legacies. Initially, under Elizabeth I, the Strangers were allowed to hold their services at Blackfiars Hall and St Mary theLess in relative freedom, but in the1630s they suffered under Archbishop Laud,whoordered them to attend only English services. Luke and Phil Platten from Platten's Fish and Chips in Wells. Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. From the beginning of the seventeenth century, the original wills sometimes survive, such as that of John Hovenagel, made 19 January 1603: he describes himself as: Drapier; inhabitant and allient within the cittie of Nortwhich in the kingdom of Inglornd. Cloudflare Ray ID: 7c07194c9afe2a82 The second reason was that, with their skills in weaving, the new immigrants were of immense economic value. Have a look for yourself below: Smith - 13,011 people Brown - 5,974 Taylor - 4,617 Wright - 4,425 Jones - 3,853 Clarke - 3,559 Green - 3,467 Moore -. How many were there? document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. this industry was struggling. [1][2][3], Norfolk Museums & Archaeology Service - Strangers' Hall. John also translated military books from French to English, acting in some sense as a cultural go-between. Having first settled in Sandwich, Kent, in 1565, the City of Norwich elders recognised their worth and invited them to the city because of their renowned skills in textile. These are just two of the reminders of the presence of many thousands of Dutch and Flemish Strangers in early modern Norwich who contributed to the towns cultural life and economic prosperity. In 1571, the authorities searched Strangers homes for armour and weaponry,and in the unsettled years before the Civil War, it was feared they might be disloyal to the Crown. The details of the conditions under which foreigners were formerly allowed to settle in this country and to follow their trades are interesting and very different from the custom of the present day, when they are on the same footing as natives, but from their frugal habits are able to (and do) work at rates, which in many eases bring misery and ruin to whole districts. The Norfolk Record Office has many documents that Moen did not use which bring alive the Stranger communities in the city. The word Stranger was originally used in records to mean anyone who was not a native of a particular town it occurs in Norwich leet court rolls of the later thirteenth century, where the people described as strangers are from places like Thorpe, Hellesdon and Earlham and therefore, legally, not within the jurisdiction of Norwich. Reblogged this on Norfolk Notes and commented: 0.0191% of the people in Norfolk on census day were called RALLISON. the latter a Romance ethnic people native to Belgium, principally its southern region of. The Index column shows the relative probability of finding someone called FECK Dutch and Frence schools were established in the area, and strong links were maintained with their native countries, especially through trade. A Murderer Amongst Kings Lynn Schools Staff! While in 1596, during a period of poor harvest, the authorities turned to a Stranger, Jacques de Hem, to help them secure provisions from Europe. No violation of any copyright or trademark material is intentional. Stories From Norfolk and Beyond Be They Past, Present, Fact, Fiction, Mythological, Legend or Folklore. contact IPSO here, 2001-2023. Where the index is higher than 1, then you are more likely to find someone called FECK here Most of these people were Dutch speakers, but a considerable number were French speakers; the latter are known as Walloons. Unsurprisingly, Smith tops the list in terms of the number of people who bear the name. and in the south west, having few records extant: . A Norfolk tailor, Richard Whitterel had two sons, who both became apprentices of incomers, one to be trained as a bay weaver the other as a pin maker. He accused one congregation of Strangers of damaging the Bishop . By 1620 there were around 4,000 Dutch and Walloons living in Norwich, comprising . The Osborne Court Norwich Residents Association Ltd. Osborne Court . The Life of Ellenor Fenn One Woman: Three Identities. than if you picked from the UK as a whole, and where it's lower then you are less likely. The Dutch met for worship in Blackfriars Hall. Bateman Clarebote (Winnezele) Clapettia Clercke (Dutch) Baet Bake (Ypres) Bartingham (Dutch) Coene (Ypres) Dedecre (Dutch) De Linne De Mol De Turk (Flanders) Der Haghe A name that came from the Strangers. Skilled craftsmen, they revitalised the woollen industry.This page contains a list of 13 names of Strangers in Norwich in 1584. An Overview: The arrival of the "Strangers" from the Low Countries in the 16th century was the result of the persecution of Dutch Calvinists by the Catholic Spanish rulers of that region of Europe. By 1568 there were well over a thousand Flemish and Dutch in Norwich, known locally as Strangers, many of them from Ieper in West Flanders. Death or De'Ath : A surname that means death. There was the occasional grumble. 23 were still at the place of origin, 81 were still within 5 miles of it, 123 were within 6 - 10 miles away, 239 were 11 - 20 miles away, 151 were 21 - 30 miles away, and 122 lived over 30 miles from the locative place of origin. William Norwich is recorded St Andrews Norwich, on October 4th 1560. The Mayors Court dealt with petty offences in the city, and inevitably some incomers found themselves involved. It uses as it's sources several returns, and rolls particularly a military survey, and subsidy roll from between 1522 and 1525. Another Brabander who sought refuge in Norwich was Anthonie de Solempne. These refugees were known as Strangers and they taught local workers to produce new types of cloth in different ways which boosted the textile industry. flint rubble ground floor, rendered timber frame first floor. (including typos, unknowns and the ones we don't have any data for!). Many Strangers refused to pass on their skills to English apprentices, arguing that they had enough of their own children to set to work. The chapter begins by discussing the problems of using locative surnames in a study. There are more than double the number of Smiths in the county compared to any other surname far more than runner-up Brown (5,974) and Taylor (4,617) in third. Data returned from the Piano 'meterActive/meterExpired' callback event. NRO catalogue number NCR Case 17d/2. The pedigrees of these families are recorded in W Rye, Norfolk Families (NRO and NHC). NOTICE: Norfolk Tales, Myths & More! is a non-commercial Site seeking only to be informative and educational on topics broadly related to the history and heritage of the County of Norfolk in the U.K. The 100 most common surnames in Norfolk have been revealed. The Huguenots were responsible for draining Norfolks fens. Mother of Ralph Marsham and Elizabeth Marsham. The best book to start with is still The Walloons and their Church in Norwich at Norwich by W J C Moens, published in 1887-8. Christopher Joby. During the Elizabethan era, foreigners became more numerous on the Nations streets. I want to share at least some of the key points from two chapters of "Norfolk Surnames in the Sixteenth Century": 1) Surnames derived from localities in Norfolk, and 2) Locative surnames originating outside Norfolk. The Strangers 1560 - 1600 AD In 1571, a return of the Strangers, recorded that there were 4,013 Strangers in Norwich. Around one person in every 68 in Norfolk is a Smith there are 13,011 of them. When you subscribe, you give permission for an automatic re-subscription. Marriages 1590-1747. inaccuracy or intrusion, then please The group would be known as "Elizabethan Strangers" and quickly settled into life in Norfolk bringing with them skills, talents and trades. Later the word came to be used for a particular group of incomers refugees from the Low Countries from 1567 onward, who were fleeing from persecution in their own land, and who found a welcome in the city. They supported English parishes by donating money to them and Dutch and French schools were established in the area. https://thosewhowillnotbedrowned.wordpress.com/2011/06/24/the-norwich-strangers-16th-century-refugees/. Cambridgeshire, another neighbouring county, for some reason contributed far fewer. They were famous for breeding canaries, and the football club's name is one of their most famous legacies. County Court. NRO: NCC will register Cawston 261. The first 'strangers' were Dutch, Walloon and Flemish refugee weavers who fled the low countries in the 16th century as a result of the persecution of Dutch Calvinists by their Spanish (Catholic). Norwich City Football Club is known as The Canaries. By 1620, there were around 4,000 Dutch and Walloons living in Norwich, comprising a quarter of the citys population. In 1565, the Queen invited Dutch weavers to settle in Norfolk in a proclamation in which she referred to them as "Strangers" and as "England's most ancient and familiar neighbours". Two minor criminal cases before the Mayors Court reveal the Dutch love of gardening. Large. To find out more about Strangers' Hall, including opening times, admission costs and venue hire, please visit their website. They rejuvenated the local economy, and by the end of the 16th Century the city was prospering again. Christopher Joby. All three are among those names which are far more common in Nelson's county than anywhere else Norfolk is home to around one third of every Leeder in the country, for example. As there was a serious outbreak of plague in the city in 1579, in which the incomer community was particularly badly hit, there must have been well over 5,000, probably nearer 6,000, members of this refugee community before it struck and this in a city with an English population of no more than 12,000. But, above all, Wren worried that locals might start attending Stranger services and weaken the English church. This is not a new story just a resume. Sources: On 5th November 1564 Elizabeth 1 granted thirty 'journeymen' - foreign craftsmen from Flanders - the right to live and work in the city of Norwich. Where were they from? Strangers' Hall closes every year from late December to February half-term for its annual deep clean. Like the rest of the top 10, these names make up less than 3pc of those who bear the name across the rest of the country. Norwich Cathedral must be the number 1 visitor attraction dating back to 1096 and having the 2nd highest spire in England. British Surnames is a Good Stuff website. Oops, you forgot to fill in your email address, Canaries and Weavers: The Flemish Strangers in Norwich, Wizo Flandrensis and the Flemish Settlers in Wales, Boers and Creoloid: The Legacy of Dutch Migration to South Africa. A man has been arrested on suspicion of murder after a 58-year-old woman disappeared from her 850,000 Norwich farmhouse. We start with the skilled Flemish workers who were able to build a new life in England. The April 2017 edition ofCurrent Archaeology magazine has an interesting article on an excavation of an Iron Age site in Fenland, and is celebrating their 50th anniversary of publication. Frank Meeres, former archivist at the Norfolk Record Office and author of 'The Welcome Stranger' (Poppyland Publishing 2022) looks at the sources for our knowledge of the . someone with the surname of FECK in Norwich St John than you would be in the whole of the UK. Brandon Thomas-Asante. In many cases, registration districts were broadly equivalent Old Crome, the Norwich School and Much Else! He arrived in 1567 with his family including his son Jan, then aged 7. David Brief Free Company Director Check PDF New London County. "BBC - Legacies - Immigration and Emigration - England - Norfolk - the Elizabethan Strangers", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elizabethan_Strangers&oldid=1106200292, Protestant denominations established in the 16th century, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 23 August 2022, at 16:36. This derives, it is thought, from the habit of local people of keeping canaries, which they adopted from the Dutch Strangers. Rotye was an expert in the use of green dyes, and Cambye wanted him to come to Norwich. identification of, and means of communicating with an owner), contact can sometimes be difficult or impossible to established. Many places in Norwich refer to the city's migration past. In June 1602, Willemyne Clyncket, the wife of James Demara, went to the leaders of the Dutch community to complain that her daughter had been badly bitten by a dog owned by Pyrma, widow of Francis van Dycke: Willemyne had called in a surgeon and the Dutch leaders decided that Pyrma would have to pay the surgeons fee of 3. More about A history of Strangers' Hall More workers were needed and they came over from an area now covered by Belgium, France and the Netherlands. In the 18th and early 19th centuries, the radical ideas of the French boosted industry so much that, at this time Norwich was the most important manufacturing city outside London. CABLE, Norwich, pre 1836, [email protected] Kathy Ripco. This may well be borrowed from the Dutch plein. Matthew Wren, Bishop of Norwich, was one of Lauds committed followers, and frequently quarrelled with the Stranger community. The 'Strangers' - refugees from the Lox Countries - began arriving in Norwich in 1566: a decade later they made up almost a third of the city's population. Many Norwich residents are descendants of these Strangers, whose influence can still be seen in buildings around the region, as well as in the way Norfolk people talk. An index of 1 means that if you pick someone at random from this county or town, you have exactly the same By 1568 there were well over a thousand Flemish and Dutch in Norwich, known locally as Strangers, many of them from Ieper in West Flanders. From one letter, written by the anonymous Typer (Te Ieper), we can deduce that the author rented rooms in the house owned by Thomas Sotherton, which is now a museum called Strangers Hall. Sussexat Rye. Are people in Norwich still wearing Covid face masks . If you are dissatisfied with the response provided you can Indeed in 1581 the city authorities employed a Dutchman, Nicholas Beoscom, to teach pin making to their orphans housed in the Great Hospital. The first group came from Flanders in 1565, but many more followed, eventually making up a third of the population of Norwich. The Total column shows the total number of people in that county or town with this surname. The East Midlands was also, surprisingly, not a major contributor of locative surnames in 16th Century Norfolk. Museums home. You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked. Here is another surprise, Yorkshire turned our to be a common origin - equally spread through the three ridings. in this county or town, compared with the probability of finding them anywhere in Britain as a whole. In November 1569, the number of strangers was calculated at 2,827 (752 men, 681 women, 26 servants, 1132 children), all which company of strangers, we are to confess, do live in good quyet and order, and that they traveyle [work] diligentlye to earn their livings. In October 1571 the total number of Strangers was 3,993 (1,056 men, 1,095 women, 1,862 children). someone called FECK here than in the UK as a whole, and 10 would make it ten times as likely. Poor miss early but excellent for Wallace goal and almost scored goal of season from . It was the skilled immigrants from these Countries which could provide a solution to the economic crisis here. Register or sign in to read or purchase an article. A quiet couple of games but another who roared back here. Files, 1691-1855 Judicial . Large numbers left Flanders, often taking a boat from Nieuwpoort to Great Yarmouth and then onto Norwich. In something of a parallel, Robinson, just like John, was forced to adapt to his new life on an island away from the country of his heritage. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data. Norwich was the centre of a large textile industry but in the 16th Century (would this be better coming before the previous paras reference to 18th and 19th centuries?) Many returned from England to the Low Countries on this concession, but in the following year faith was broken with them, and the unscrupulous severity of the Duke of Alvas rule caused a flight of all who could escape the vigilance of the authorities. The government also feared that immigrant communities were a threat to public order and security by assisting foreign powers to invade. But some are far more common than others. In October 1571 the total number of Strangers was 3,993 (1,056 men, 1,095 women, 1,862 children). Top surnames from the 1881 census in Norfolk Top surnames by total occurrences Top surnames by population index The Total column shows the total number of people in that county or town with this surname.

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